Complete Recovery of Renal Function among Obstetric Patients with Acute Kidney Injury at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: Acute kidney injury is a rare complication of pregnancy and is associated with high maternal morbidity and mortality. Obstetric factors associated with it are preeclampsia/eclampsia, sepsis, hemorrhage and dehydration. Here, we aim to find out the prevalence of complete recovery of renal function among obstetric patients with acute kidney injury. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital from 1st July 2020 to 30th June 2021 where obstetric patients who had developed acute kidney injury were included and followed till 6 weeks of diagnosis. Ethical approvalwas obtained from Institutional Review Committee of Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital (IRC- NMCTH 437/2020). The convenience sampling method was used. Data entry and analysis were done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Out of total 66 obstetric patients with acute kidney injury, 45 (68.2%) (57-79.3 at 95% Confidence Interval) had complete recovery of renal function. Rate of renal function recovery in Stage 1, Stage 2 and Stage 3 acute kidney injury were 19 (90%), 19 (86%) and 7 (58%) respectively. The most common causes of acute kidney injury were Preeclampsia/eclampsia 18 (40%), sepsis 23 (28.8%) and hemorrhage 10 (22.2%). Conclusions: The prevalence of complete recovery in obstetric patients with acute kidney injury was similar to findings from other studies done in similar settings.

Characteristics and outcome of pregnancy-related acute kidney injury in a teaching hospital in a low-resource setting: a five-year retrospective review

“…The majority of women with AKI did not require renal replacement therapy and were treated conservatively. Hemodialysis was needed in 8.6% of patients, which is comparable to studies from China and Nepal (6% and 8%, respectively) [25,51] but lower than the Moroccan study (16.2%) [52]. In previous studies, a higher percentage (16% in South Africa and 33.3% in Turkey) of pregnant women with AKI needed dialysis treatment [53,54].…”

Evaluation of Hypertension and Renal Function in Preeclamptic Women: A Follow-Up Study at 6th Week of Postpartum

“…This reduction in GFR is thought to be a result of decreased blood flow to the kidneys and damage to the glomeruli (7). In severe cases of preeclampsia, the renal function can be severely compromised, leading to acute kidney injury (9,10). This can result in a buildup of waste products in the blood, electrolyte imbalances, and fluid overload.…”