Complete parametric investigation of a forward osmosis process using sodium chloride draw solution

Rufuss, D. Dsilva Winfred; Hosseinipour, Ebrahim; Arulvel, S.; Davies, Philip A.

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2022.116218

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…As indicated in the figure, the membrane flux increases with an increase in FS velocity. This result was expected given that flow rate rise reduces external concentration polarization, which intensifies the osmotic pressure difference across the FO membrane, which in turn enhances the membrane flux (Dsilva Winfred Rufuss et al, 2023).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

On the evaluating membrane flux of forward osmosis systems: Data assessment and advanced intelligent modeling

Hekmatmehr,

Esmaeili,

Atashrouz

et al. 2024

Water Environment Research

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As an emerging desalination technology, forward osmosis (FO) can potentially become a reliable method to help remedy the current water crisis. Introducing uncomplicated and precise models could help FO systems' optimization. This paper presents the prediction and evaluation of FO systems' membrane flux using various artificial intelligence‐based models. Detailed data gathering and cleaning were emphasized because appropriate modeling requires precise inputs. Accumulating data from the original sources, followed by duplicate removal, outlier detection, and feature selection, paved the way to begin modeling. Six models were executed for the prediction task, among which two are tree‐based models, two are deep learning models, and two are miscellaneous models. The calculated coefficient of determination (R2) of our best model (XGBoost) was 0.992. In conclusion, tree‐based models (XGBoost and CatBoost) show more accurate performance than neural networks. Furthermore, in the sensitivity analysis, feed solution (FS) and draw solution (DS) concentrations showed a strong correlation with membrane flux.Practitioner Points The FO membrane flux was predicted using a variety of machine‐learning models. Thorough data preprocessing was executed. The XGBoost model showed the best performance, with an R2 of 0.992. Tree‐based models outperformed neural networks and other models.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

On the evaluating membrane flux of forward osmosis systems: Data assessment and advanced intelligent modeling

Hekmatmehr,

Esmaeili,

Atashrouz

et al. 2024

Water Environment Research

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“…The selection of the draw solution is a crucial step in the forward osmosis process. Besides the basic requirements of stable and environmentally friendly chemical properties, low cost, and no damage to membrane materials, ,− the ideal draw solute also requires several additional demands, such as high osmotic pressure, nontoxicity, nonreaction with the feed solution, less membrane pollution, economic separation, and recovery from the solution. − Furthermore, we would need to apply the FO process to the enrichment of salt lake brine, so it was necessary to take into account the economy of the draw solute and its similarity to the composition of salt lake brine. Consequently, NaCl was chosen as the draw solute for this part of the experiment to satisfy the above requirements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Forward Osmosis Process and its Effects on the Concentration of Salt Lake Brine

Li,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Separation and concentration are two indispensable technical components of the gradient-coupling membrane technique for the extraction of valuable resources from salt lake brine. Herein, we systematically studied the forward osmosis (FO) process and its effects on the concentration of salt lake brine. First, the chemical composition, structure, and surface properties of both sides of the FO membrane were characterized and analyzed. We then deeply probed the effect of operating conditions and the properties of the draw solution on the water flux and ion transport, according to the experimental results and mathematical models. Moreover, the hypersaline NaCl solution and the old brine (salt lake brine after potassium precipitation) were applied as the draw solutions to concentrate the separated brine (salt lake brine after nanofiltration membrane separation). It was shown that the surface structure and concentration polarization of the membrane obviously affected the water flux and reverse salt transport, while the high concentration of the draw solution simultaneously caused a large osmotic pressure, resulting in a large water flux and reverse salt transport. In addition, the water fluxes reached 18.28 L•m −2 •h −1 (NaCl) and 29.78 L•m −2 •h −1 (the old brine), and the enrichment ratios for Li + were 1.98 and 4.78, respectively. This study further advances the application of FO membranes in the development of salt lake resources and also contributes to the technical support of the brine concentration part of the membrane-coupling process.

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“…For the FO, plate-and-frame FO membrane module provided by Porifera (Hayward, CA, United States) has been selected because of its high flux and low reverse solute flux. − For the halophyte cultivation, Salicornia and Sarcocornia are selected as it is among the most productive and economically viable halophytes . Both FO and RO are modular technologies.…”

Section: General Process Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desalination, Water Re-use, and Halophyte Cultivation in Salinized Regions: A Highly Productive Groundwater Treatment System

Park

Mudgal

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Groundwater salinization is a problem affecting access to water in many world regions. Though desalination by conventional reverse osmosis (RO) can upgrade groundwater quality for drinking, its disadvantages include unmanaged brine discharge and accelerated groundwater depletion. Here, we propose a new approach combining RO, forward osmosis (FO), and halophyte cultivation, in which FO optimally adjusts the concentration of the RO reject brine for irrigation of Salicornia or Sarcocornia. The FO also reuses wastewater, thus, reducing groundwater extraction and the wastewater effluent volume. To suit different groundwater salinities in the range 1−8 g/L, three practical designs are proposed and analyzed. Results include specific groundwater consumption (SGC), specific energy consumption (SEC), wastewater volume reduction, peak RO pressure, permeate water quality, efficiency of water resource utilization, and halophyte yield. Compared to conventional brackish water RO, the results show superior performance in almost all aspects. For example, SGC is reduced from 1.25 to 0.9 m 3 per m 3 of drinking water output and SEC is reduced from 0.79 to 0.70 kW h/m 3 by a FO−RO−FO system treating groundwater of salinity 8 g/L. This system can produce 1.1 m 3 of high-quality drinking water and up to 4.9 kg of edible halophyte per m 3 of groundwater withdrawn.

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Complete parametric investigation of a forward osmosis process using sodium chloride draw solution

Cited by 13 publications

References 68 publications

On the evaluating membrane flux of forward osmosis systems: Data assessment and advanced intelligent modeling

On the evaluating membrane flux of forward osmosis systems: Data assessment and advanced intelligent modeling

Study of Forward Osmosis Process and its Effects on the Concentration of Salt Lake Brine

Desalination, Water Re-use, and Halophyte Cultivation in Salinized Regions: A Highly Productive Groundwater Treatment System

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