Complete nucleotide sequence and evolutionary analysis of a Gorilla foamy virus

Schulze, Andreas; Lemey, Philippe; Schubert, Jöerg; McClure, Myra O.; Rethwilm, Axel; Bodem, Jochen

doi:10.1099/vir.0.027011-0

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Within the Spumaretroviridae , there are different types of FVs circulating within a species which may be a result of FVs’ co-evolution with their hosts, dated back for at least 60 million years [4,10,11]. Most recently, this putative coevolution was extended to 105 million years ago (mya) by Katzourakis et al as this group has been able to demonstrate endogenous elements of a FV in the genome of a sloth [12].…”

Section: Classification Of a Complex Group Of Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Simian Foamy Viruses: Molecular Virology, Tropism and Prevalence and Zoonotic/Interspecies Transmission

Kehl

Tan

Materniak

2013

Viruses

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Within the field of retrovirus, our knowledge of foamy viruses (FV) is still limited. Their unique replication strategy and mechanism of viral persistency needs further research to gain understanding of the virus-host interactions, especially in the light of the recent findings suggesting their ancient origin and long co-evolution with their nonhuman hosts. Unquestionably, the most studied member is the primate/prototype foamy virus (PFV) which was originally isolated from a human (designated as human foamy virus, HFV), but later identified as chimpanzee origin; phylogenetic analysis clearly places it among other Old World primates. Additionally, the study of non-simian animal FVs can contribute to a deeper understanding of FV-host interactions and development of other animal models. The review aims at highlighting areas of special interest regarding the structure, biology, virus-host interactions and interspecies transmission potential of primate as well as non-primate foamy viruses for gaining new insights into FV biology.

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Section: Classification Of a Complex Group Of Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Simian Foamy Viruses: Molecular Virology, Tropism and Prevalence and Zoonotic/Interspecies Transmission

Kehl

Tan

Materniak

2013

Viruses

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“…Because the rest of the genome has protein-encoding and cis -acting RNA or DNA functions, or both [2,45,46], the deletions in the U3 LTR region may be tolerated by virus replication in cell culture [41,42]. Such deletions were actually found upon obtaining proviral FV molecular clones from higher primates [47], and the detection of the undeleted LTRs [41,48] delayed their initial identification [49,50]. …”

Section: Fv Sequence Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Foamy Viruses: The Most Ancient of All Retroviruses

Rethwilm

Bodem

2013

Viruses

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Recent evidence indicates that foamy viruses (FVs) are the oldest retroviruses (RVs) that we know and coevolved with their hosts for several hundred million years. This coevolution may have contributed to the non-pathogenicity of FVs, an important factor in development of foamy viral vectors in gene therapy. However, various questions on the molecular evolution of FVs remain still unanswered. The analysis of the spectrum of animal species infected by exogenous FVs or harboring endogenous FV elements in their genome is pivotal. Furthermore, animal studies might reveal important issues, such as the identification of the FV in vivo target cells, which than require a detailed characterization, to resolve the molecular basis of the accuracy with which FVs copy their genome. The issues of the extent of FV viremia and of the nature of the virion genome (RNA vs. DNA) also need to be experimentally addressed.

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“…PFV U3 region proximal to the transcription initiation site, a Tas binding element has been mapped to position À65 to À 35 by DNA footprinting and gel retardation analysis (He et al, 1996). This region contains a heptamer sequence shown to be essential for Tas binding by mutagenesis studies (He et al, 1996) as well as a stretch of 11 nucleotides conserved between chimpanzee and gorilla sequences (Schulze et al, 2011). However, these sequences were not conserved between SFVpsc-hu.…”

Section: Sequences Of Tas and Ltr Motifs From Gorilla And Chimpanzee mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In contrast, gorilla SFVs have been poorly studied despite infecting the majority of African individuals identified as carrying such viruses (Betsem et al, 2011;Calattini et al, 2007;Mouinga-Ondeme et al, 2012). A single study has reported the in vitro replication of a gorilla SFV (Bieniasz et al, 1995), of which the full length sequence was recently published (Schulze et al, 2011). We isolated two replication-competent gorilla SFVs from infected Cameroonian hunters and described their genetic characteristics (Rua et al, 2012) and also studied the genetic diversity of the env gene from 36 zoonotic gorilla SFVs (Richard et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In the U3 region proximal to the transcription initiation site, the Tas binding element (TBE) at position À 65 to À 35 (He et al, 1996) is highlighted in grey. Within this TBE, the heptamer sequence conserved in the LTR and internal promoter from SFVpsc-hu.PFV (He et al, 1996), and the À 58 to À 47 nucleotide sequence conserved with SFVggo-Gg (Schulze et al, 2011) are highlighted. Several, more distant and longer Tas responsive elements, and one negative regulatory element (NRE), are highlighted in purple and named according to their original description (BRE stands for bel-1-responsive elements, (Erlwein and Rethwilm, 1993;Lee et al, 1993).…”

Section: Cross-transactivation Of Viral Ltrs By Heterologous Sfvsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new sensitive indicator cell line reveals cross-transactivation of the viral LTR by gorilla and chimpanzee simian foamy viruses

et al. 2016

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The majority of currently identified simian foamy virus (SFV)-infected Cameroonian and Gabonese individuals harbor SFV from the gorilla lineage. We constructed an indicator cell line for the quantification of gorilla SFVs, in which the U3 sequence of a gorilla SFV directs the expression of the β-galactosidase protein. The gorilla foamy virus activated β-galactosidase (GFAB) cells efficiently quantified two zoonotic primary gorilla isolates and SFVs from three chimpanzee subspecies. Primary gorilla SFVs replicated more slowly and at lower levels than primary chimpanzee SFVs. Analysis of previously described motifs of Tas proteins and U3 LTRs involved in viral gene synthesis revealed conservation of such motifs in Tas proteins from gorilla and chimpanzee SFVs, but little sequence homology in the LTR regions previously shown to interact with viral and cellular factors.

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Complete nucleotide sequence and evolutionary analysis of a Gorilla foamy virus

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Non-Simian Foamy Viruses: Molecular Virology, Tropism and Prevalence and Zoonotic/Interspecies Transmission

Non-Simian Foamy Viruses: Molecular Virology, Tropism and Prevalence and Zoonotic/Interspecies Transmission

Evolution of Foamy Viruses: The Most Ancient of All Retroviruses

A new sensitive indicator cell line reveals cross-transactivation of the viral LTR by gorilla and chimpanzee simian foamy viruses

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