Complete Mitogenomes of Two Aragoa Species and Phylogeny of Plantagineae (Plantaginaceae, Lamiales) Using Mitochondrial Genes and the Nuclear Ribosomal RNA Repeat

Abstract

Aragoa, comprising 19 high-altitude North Andean species, is one of three genera in the Plantagineae (Plantaginaceae, Lamiales), along with Littorella and Plantago. Based primarily on plastid data and nuclear ITS, Aragoa is sister to a clade of Littorella + Plantago, but Plantagineae relationships have yet to be assessed using multigene datasets from the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Here, complete mitogenomes were assembled for two species of Aragoa (A. abietina and A. cleefii). The mitogenomes of both species have a typical suite of genes for 34 proteins, 17 tRNAs, and three rRNAs. The A. abietina mitogenome assembled into a simple circular map, with no large repeats capable of producing alternative isoforms. The A. cleefii mitogenomic map was more complex, involving two circular maps bridged by a substoichiometric linear fragment. Phylogenetics of three mitochondrial genes or the nuclear rRNA repeat placed Aragoa as sister to Littorella + Plantago, consistent with previous studies. However, P. nubicola, the sole representative of subg. Bougueria, was nested within subg. Psyllium based on the mitochondrial and nuclear data, conflicting with plastid-based analyses. Phylogenetics of the nuclear rRNA repeat provided better resolution overall, whereas relationships from mitochondrial data were hindered by extensive substitution rate variation among lineages.

Intrageneric structural variation in organelle genomes from the genus Dystaenia (Apiaceae): genome rearrangement and mitochondrion-to-plastid DNA transfer

“…sativus , and F. vulgare ), whereas the D. ibukiensis mitogenome mapped two molecules with substoichiometric linear ( Figure 2 ). Similar to D. ibukiensis , a recent study demonstrated that the Aragoa cleefii mitogenome from Plantaginaceae exhibits a high level of complexity, characterized by the presence of two circular maps connected by a substoichiometric linear ( Mower et al., 2021 ). Large recombinogenic repeats are commonly found in plant mitogenomes.…”

Comprehensive Analysis of the Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Rehmannia chingii: An Autotrophic Species in the Orobanchaceae Family

“…We downloaded the mitochondrial and plastid genome sequences of the following Lamiales species from the NCBI database: A. indica (NC_069194.1 [57], MN529629.1 [58]), P. chinen-sis (NC_072955.1, OQ842968.1), Pedicularis kansuensis (NC_072932.1, OQ587613.1), Castilleja patrramensis (NC_031806.1, NC_031805.1), R. glutinosa (OM397952.1, NC_034308.1 [59]), S. miltiorrhiza (NC_023209.1, NC_020431.1 [60]), Utricularia reniformis (NC_034982.1, NC_029719.2), Dorcoceras hygrometricum (NC_016741.1, NC_016468.1) [61], Aragoa cleefii (OK514182.1 [62], MW877562.1 [63]), and Osmanthus fragrans (NC_060346.1, NC_042377.1 [64]). We also manually annotated and corrected any annotation errors in these sequences.…”