Complete mitochondrial genomes of two relatively closed species fromGymnocypris(Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae): Genome characterization and phylogenetic considerations

Abstract

The complete mitochondrial genome for Gymnocypris eckloni and Gymnocypris przewalskii ganzihonensis is 16,686 and 16,682 bp in size, respectively. Both of the mitochondrial genomes have identical genomic organization and structure including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes and 1 control region as found in other vertebrates, with the exception of 86 bp non-coding nucleotides between tRNA(Thr) and tRNA(Pro). The phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated nucleotide sequence of 12 PCGs on the heavy strand supported a relatively closed relationship among G. eckloni, G. p. przewalskii and G. p. ganzihonensis. The sequence divergence between G. eckloni and G. przewalskii, as well as within G. przewalskii, is relatively low compared to the average sequence divergence among other cyprinid fishes, suggesting that they are the most closely related species resulted from a relatively recent speciation event. The estimated molecular divergence time is coincided with a relatively recent speciation event occurring during the separation of the Yellow River and Qinghai Lake.

The complete mitochondrial DNA of Gymnocypris potanini Herzensten and comparative mitogenomic analyses in Gymnocypris species

“…Except for the nad6 and eight tRNA genes (tRNA-Gln, tRNA-Aln, tRNA-Asn, tRNA-Lys, tRNA-Tyr, tRNA-SerUCN, tRNA-Glu, and tRNA-Pro) encoded on the lightstrand, all others genes were encoded on the heavy-strand. This is a typical gene arrangement conforming to the other Gymnocypris species and vertebrate consensus (Boore 1999;Qi et al 2013;Qiao et al 2014).…”

“…KX424966. The mitochondrial genome encoded 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs, and a noncoding control region, as those found in other Gymnocypris species (Qi et al 2013;Qiao et al 2014;Zhang et al 2016). The nucleotide composition of the genome of G. potanini Herzensten is 28.5% for A, 27.2% for T, 18.2% for G, and 26.1% for C, with a low A þ T content of 55.7%.…”

“…Primers were designed for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and sequencing on the basis of the mitogenome sequence of G. eckloni Herzensten (GenBank Accession No. JQ0042791) (Qi et al 2013). The complete mt genome of G. potanini Herzensten was 16,749 bp and has been deposited in GenBank with Accession No.…”

Complete mitochondrial genome of the Korean bitterlingAcheilognathus intermedia(Cypriniformes; Cyprinidae)

“…Hwang et al (2012) and Hwang et al (2013) reported the complete mitochondrial genome from this genus such as A. signifier and A. koreensis, respectively. A comparison of the complete mitochondrial genome in the Cyprinidae provides a robust dataset for the inference of phylogenetic relationships at the level of the genus or order (Li et al 2009;Wu et al 2010;Qi et al 2013). In this paper, we first report the complete mitochondrial DNA from A. intermedia in order to obtain basic genetic information about the Korean populations of A. intermedia in the genus Acheilognathus.…”

Complete mitochondrial genome of the striped bitteringAcheilognathus yamatsutae(Cypriniformes; Cyprinidae)

“…The comparison of complete mitochondrial genomes in fish turned out to be a powerful tool to clarify the phylogenetic relationship at the level of genus or order (Li et al 2009;Wu et al 2010;Qi et al 2013). In this study, we firstly report the complete mitochondrial DNA from A. yamatsutae in order to obtain basic genetic information about the Korean populations of A. yamatsutae in the genus Acheilognathus.…”