Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Ancient Canids Suggest a European Origin of Domestic Dogs

Thalmann, Olaf; Shapiro, Beth; Cui, Pin; Schuenemann, Verena J.; Sawyer, Susanna; Greenfield, D. L.; Germonpré, Mietje; Sablin, Mikhail; López-Giráldez, Francesc; Domingo‐Roura, Xavier; Napierala, Hannes; Uerpmann, H-P.; Loponte, Daniel; Acosta, Alejandro; Giemsch, Liane; Schmitz, Ralf W.; Worthington, Brian; Buikstra, Jane E.; Druzhkova, Anna S.; Graphodatsky, Alexander S.; Ovodov, Nicolai D.; Wahlberg, Niklas; Freedman, Adam H.; Schweizer, Rena M.; Koepfli, Klaus Peter; Leonard, Jennifer A.; Meyer, Matthias; Krause, Johannes; Pääbo, Svante; Green, R. E.; Wayne, Robert K.

doi:10.1126/science.1243650

Cited by 436 publications

(441 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…A few more restrictive haplotypes were identified (A1, A27, A9, A160, C2 and C8) in eight individuals which had previously been found in dogs from Europe, South West Asia and South East Asia. Importantly, we observed no indication of haplotypes that were widespread in ancient American dogs, such as the A3, found in the oldest known American dog (~8500 Before Present) in Illinois, as well as in Florida and Alaska Thalmann et al, 2013), or a closely related haplotype unique to the Americas (Bolivia, Peru, Canada), referred to as "D28" (Leonard et al, 2002;Rutledge et al, 2010). Based on these findings, we conclude that the potcake matrilines were primarily of European descent.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 66%

“…Ancient dog DNA samples from the Americas prior to European colonization include some of these UTs but also include several haplotypes that are unique to the Americas and therefore diagnostic of Native American dog ancestry (Leonard et al, 2002;Rutledge, Bos, Pierce, & White, 2010;Brown, Darwent, & Sacks, 2013;Thalmann et al, 2013). In order to determine if the potcakes still retain an ancient genetic signature, we analyzed a 582 base pair region of the mtDNA control region (Savolainen et al, 2002), and compared the potcake haplotypes to these and other studies.…”

Section: Mitochondrial Deoxyribonucleic Acid (Dna)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using DNA to Locate the Ancestry of Today's Island Dogs of the Caribbean: The Case of the Bahamian Potcake

Fielding

Mundle

Brown

et al. 2015

IJBS

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Dogs inThe Bahamas have been documented since the time of Columbus, so dogs have been residents of the country for at least as long as our written records. While the term "potcake" has been associated with mongrel dogs in The Bahamas for some time, written references have been traced back only as far as 1970. Since then, the written word potcake has become relatively common. Potcakes, while reviled by some, are considered as quintessentially Bahamian by others. This paper attempts to determine if the potcake is unique to The Bahamas. Our analysis of potcake DNA from New Providence and Grand Bahama suggests that the importation of dogs has diluted the pool of any ancient potcake DNA to an extent that the Bahamian potcake, if it ever existed, is now either extinct or highly admixed. Some implications for demystifying this Bahamian icon based upon the current welfare offered potcakes are proposed.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 66%

Section: Mitochondrial Deoxyribonucleic Acid (Dna)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Using DNA to Locate the Ancestry of Today's Island Dogs of the Caribbean: The Case of the Bahamian Potcake

Fielding

Mundle

Brown

et al. 2015

IJBS

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“…During the approximately 18-32 thousand years of domestication [1], dogs and humans have shared a similar social environment [2]. Dog and human vocalizations are thus familiar and relevant to both species [3], although they belong to evolutionarily distant taxa, as their lineages split approximately 90-100 million years ago [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voice-Sensitive Regions in the Dog and Human Brain Are Revealed by Comparative fMRI

Andics¹,

Gácsi²,

Faragó³

et al. 2017

Current Biology

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Fax: +36 1 381 21 80Running title: Voice-sensitive regions in the dog and human brain SummaryDuring the approximately 18-32 thousand years of domestication [1], dogs and humans have shared a similar social environment [2]. Dog and human vocalizations are thus familiar and relevant to both species [3], although they belong to evolutionarily distant taxa, as their lineages split approximately 90-100 million years ago [4]. In this first comparative neuroimaging study of a non-primate and a primate species, we made use of this special combination of shared environment and evolutionary distance. We presented dogs and humans with the same set of vocal and non-vocal stimuli to search for functionally analogous voice-sensitive cortical regions. We demonstrate that voice areas exist in dogs, and that they show a similar pattern to anterior temporal voice areas in humans. Our findings also reveal that sensitivity to vocal emotional valence cues engages similarly located non-primary auditory regions in dogs and humans. Although parallel evolution cannot be excluded, our findings suggest that voice areas may have a more ancient evolutionary origin than previously known. 4 Results and DiscussionAn important social function of the auditory system is to process the vocalizer's identity and emotional state. Non-primary auditory brain regions preferring conspecific vocalizations were found in both humans [5, 6] and non-human primates, suggesting that 'voice areas' evolved at least 30 million years ago [7][8][9][10]. In humans, auditory regions sensitive to vocal emotional cues have also been identified [11][12][13][14] Behavioural field research has revealed that the efficient processing of conspecificity and emotional information in vocalizations is important in both primate [18][19][20] and non-primate species [21][22][23][24]. Indeed, both the acoustic recognition of conspecifics and their emotional state is fundamental for making decisions in behaviour contexts like mate choice, territory disputes or hierarchy-related challenges [25]. Nevertheless, little is known about the underlying neural mechanisms of vocalization processing in non-primates.To reveal possible functional analogies between human and non-primate auditory brain regions, this study describes a comparative investigation of dogs and humans. We investigated (1) whether in dogs, similarly to humans, certain auditory regions ('voice areas') would respond stronger to conspecific vocalizations than to either heterospecific vocalizations or non-vocal sounds, and (2) whether dogs are similar to humans in the cortical processing of emotional cues in vocal signals.To address these questions, we used a non-invasive functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) procedure with awake dogs (N=11) and humans (N=22). We built on our group's first small sample-sized attempts of awake dog fMRI [26], providing a procedure different from others' [27]. All participants were unrestrained and instructed to lay motionless in an fMRI 5 scanner for three 6-min runs (see Figure 1 and...

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“…Unlinked substitution estimates based on jModelTest (Posada, 2008) were assigned to each nuclear gene. The strict molecular clock model was used as it generally considered a better fit with analyses at the intraspecific level (Yang, 2006;Bisconti et al, 2011) and it helps to avoid over-parameterization (Thalmann et al, 2013) and thus facilitates convergence of the analyses. A locus that evolves at the fastest rate or is the most divergent was set as the reference locus to calibrate time and population sizes.…”

Section: Demographic and Divergence Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing the effects of selection from demographic history in the genetic variation of two sister passerines based on mitochondrial–nuclear comparison

Hung

Zink

2014

Heredity

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Determining the mechanisms responsible for the distribution of genetic diversity in natural populations has occupied a central role in molecular evolution. Our study was motivated by the unprecedented observation that a widespread Eurasian flycatcher, Ficedula albicilla, exhibited no variation at the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) ND2 gene in 75 individuals sampled over a 5000-km distance. In contrast, its sister species, F. parva, had low but considerably higher levels of mtDNA variation. We assessed whether natural selection or demographic factors could explain the absence of mtDNA variation in F. albicilla. Eighteen nuclear genes were sequenced to estimate the two species' phylogeographic histories, and for comparison to the mtDNA data. Multilocus coalescence analyses suggested that F. albicilla experienced a population expansion perhaps following a population bottleneck. Simulations based on this demographic history, however, did not replicate the extremely low level of mtDNA variation. Historical range changes based on ecological niche models also failed to explain the observed mtDNA patterns. Neutrality tests (DHEW and ML-HKA) suggested a non-neutral pattern in the mtDNA of F. albicilla. We found a transmembrane-skewed distribution of nonsynonymous substitutions between the two species, three of which caused functional change; the results implied that positive selection could have targeted mtDNA. Several lines of evidence support selection rather than demographic history as the main force influencing the patterns of mtDNA variation. Despite the influence of natural selection, many of the phylogeographic inferences derived from mtDNA were robust, including species limits and a high level of gene flow among populations within species.

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Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Ancient Canids Suggest a European Origin of Domestic Dogs

Cited by 436 publications

References 70 publications

Using DNA to Locate the Ancestry of Today's Island Dogs of the Caribbean: The Case of the Bahamian Potcake

Using DNA to Locate the Ancestry of Today's Island Dogs of the Caribbean: The Case of the Bahamian Potcake

Voice-Sensitive Regions in the Dog and Human Brain Are Revealed by Comparative fMRI

Distinguishing the effects of selection from demographic history in the genetic variation of two sister passerines based on mitochondrial–nuclear comparison

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