Complete Genome Sequence of the First Camelpox Virus Case Diagnosed in Israel

Israeli, Ofir; Cohen-Gihon, Inbar; Zvi, Anat; Shifman, Ohad; Melamed, Sharon; Paran, Nir; Laskar-Levy, Orly; Beth-Din, Adi

doi:10.1128/mra.00671-19

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…During the outbreak in Israel in summer 2016, mainly female animals were affected and clinical signs included weakness, fever, abortions, and multifocal lesions of the skin. However, no animals died, and all completely recovered from the infection [20]. This contrasts with the severe clinical signs observed during this outbreak in the United Arab Emirates.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

“…Isolates obtained during this outbreak represent a single phylogenetic unit without distinctive differences (Figure 4A). Their closest relative is a CMLV isolate (Negev2016) that was obtained from a case of camelpox in Israel in 2016 (99.9% nucleotide identity) [20]. Isolates from Kazakhstan and Iran are slightly more different from the isolates obtained in this study (99.8% nucleotide identity) and they seem to represent a distinct phylogenetic group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

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Outbreak of a Systemic Form of Camelpox in a Dromedary Herd (Camelus dromedarius) in the United Arab Emirates

Joseph

Kinne

Nagy

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Camelpox virus (CMLV) is the causative agent of camelpox, which frequently occurs in the Old World camelids-rearing countries except for Australia. It has also been described in experimentally inoculated New World camelids. Camelpox outbreaks are often experienced shortly after the rainy season, which occurs twice a year on the Arabian Peninsula because of the increased density of the insect population, particularly mosquitos. A systemic form of camelpox outbreak in seven dromedary camels was diagnosed by histology, virus isolation, and PCR. A phylogenetic analysis using full length CMLV genomes of the isolated CMLV strains showed a single phylogenetic unit without any distinctive differences between them. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) isolate sequences showed phylogenetical relatedness with CMLV isolates from Israel with only minor sequence differences. Although the sequences of viruses from both countries were closely related, the disease manifestation was vastly different. Our study shows that the virulence is not only determined by genetic features of CMLV alone but may also depend on other factors such as unknown aspects of the host (e.g., age, overall fitness), management, and the environment.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Outbreak of a Systemic Form of Camelpox in a Dromedary Herd (Camelus dromedarius) in the United Arab Emirates

Joseph

Kinne

Nagy

et al. 2021

Viruses

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“…The non-redundant scaffolds were randomly fragmented as described previously into 791 fragments. To assess binning of megaphages and eukaryotic viruses with large genomes, the 540 kb Prevotella phage Lak C1 63 was randomly fragmented into 51 fragments, and four different eukaryotic viruses 64,65 with genome lengths ranging from 154 kb to 201 kb were each randomly fragmented into 11 to 19 fragments. To assess binning of active and dormant prophages, VIBRANT was used to predict prophage regions for 10 active prophages from 3 different hosts and 24 dormant prophages from 5 different hosts.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

vRhyme enables binning of viral genomes from metagenomes

Kieft

Adams

Salamzade

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Genome binning has been essential for characterization of bacteria, archaea, and even eukaryotes from metagenomes. Yet, no approach exists for viruses. We developed vRhyme, a fast and precise software for construction of viral metagenome-assembled genomes (vMAGs). vRhyme utilizes single- or multi-sample coverage effect size comparisons between scaffolds and employs supervised machine learning to identity nucleotide feature similarities, which are compiled into iterations of weighted networks and refined bins. Using simulated viromes, we displayed superior performance of vRhyme compared to available binning tools in constructing more complete and uncontaminated vMAGs. When applied to 10,601 viral scaffolds from human skin, vRhyme advanced our understanding of resident viruses, highlighted by identification of a Herelleviridae vMAG comprised of 22 scaffolds, and another vMAG encoding a nitrate reductase metabolic gene, representing near-complete genomes post-binning. vRhyme will enable a convention of binning uncultivated viral genomes and has the potential to transform metagenome-based viral ecology.

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“…Во время возникновения эпизоотических вспышек заболеваемость у не вакцинированных животных составляет до 100 %, особенно у молодых (2-3-летнего возраста) верблюдов. Падеж взрослого поголовья может достигать до 25 %, аборты у жеребых верблюдиц -до 25-27 %, недополучение приплода -до 85 % и более [10,11]. Заметим, что популяция домашних верблюдов в мире составляет около 28 млн особей [12].…”

Section: клинические проявления заболевания оспы верблюдовunclassified

Epidemiology of Camelpox: New Aspects

Stovba,

Lebedev,

Chukhralia

et al. 2024

jour

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After the abolition of the mandatory smallpox vaccination, the humanity lost the immunity not only to smallpox, but also to infections caused by pathogens of this family (Orthopoxvirus): monkeypox, cowpox, buffalo pox, camelpox. Since the camelpox and African gerbil viruses are the closest to the variola virus (genomic homology is 97%) in phylogenetic and genetic terms, it cannot be ruled out that a mutation in a small fragment of the genome of one of these viruses will lead to the replacement of a relatively safe virus with an epidemically dangerous pathogen. The purpose of is article is to summarize materials on the study of camelpox virus. The sources for this research is scientific articles and other English-language literature available via the Internet. The research method is an analysis of scientific sources on camelpox from the general to the specific. The authors considered the epizootic danger of the virus, its virulence for humans, phylogenetic relationship with other orthopoxviruses, means of specific prevention and treatment of camel pox in camels. The discussion and the results. The causative agent of camelpox causes a nodular-pastular rash on the skin and mucous membranes in Camelus dromedaries and Camelus bactrianus. The disease is contagious, and its epizootics lead to significant economic damage. From December 2008 to May 2009, several laboratory-confirmed cases of camelpox in humans were reported in India, Somalia and eastern Sudan. Nowadays for the identification of the camelpox virus, a RT-PCR test system with primers for the C18L gene is usually offered, which detects only this virus. The established host range of the virus is limited to one animal - the camel. To treat sick camels, chemotherapy drugs are used: cidofovir and tocoverimate (ST-246). For immunoprophylaxis, live and inactivated vaccines are used. The conclusion. Camelpox virus poses a risk to humans in regions where people raise camels and are in close contact with them. The immunodeficient populations of people may serve as an additional «window» for the penetration of this virus into human society. The genetic variability of the virus and the plasticity of its genome make it possible to obtain virus strains with altered properties. Synthetic biology methods create a risk, through small substitutions in the genome of the virus, of turning it into an epidemic danger for humans. Constant monitoring of this disease is necessary, since there is a danger of the transmission of camelpox from Kazakhstan to areas bordering the Russian Federation.

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Complete Genome Sequence of the First Camelpox Virus Case Diagnosed in Israel

Abstract: We report here the whole-genome sequence of the first camelpox virus case diagnosed in Israel. The strain (Negev2016) was isolated in 2016 from a camel in southern Israel and was sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq and Oxford Nanopore MinION platforms.

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Outbreak of a Systemic Form of Camelpox in a Dromedary Herd (Camelus dromedarius) in the United Arab Emirates

Outbreak of a Systemic Form of Camelpox in a Dromedary Herd (Camelus dromedarius) in the United Arab Emirates

vRhyme enables binning of viral genomes from metagenomes

Epidemiology of Camelpox: New Aspects

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