Complete genome sequence of a novel reassortant H3N3 avian influenza virus

Le, Tran Bac; Kim, Hey Kwon; Le, Hai Yen; Jeong, Min-Chul; Kim, In Kyu; Jeong, Dae Gwin; Yoon, Sun‐Woo

doi:10.1007/s00705-019-04386-8

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The amino acid substitutions Q226L and G228S (H3 numbering, which is used throughout the manuscript) are the key substitutions that play an important role in recognizing the receptors of humans ( Ge et al, 2018 ; Guan et al, 2019 ; Shi et al, 2020 ). The substitution of A138S in the HA protein could contribute to the virulence of influenza virus to mammalian hosts ( Le et al, 2019 ). In this study, no substitutions of A138S, Q226L, or G228S were detected in any of the six isolated viruses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence and Evolution of Novel Canine-Avian Reassortant H3N2 Influenza A Viruses in Duck in Leizhou Peninsula, China

et al. 2022

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Avian-to-mammal transmission and mammalian adaptation of avian influenza virus (AIV) are threats to public health and of great concern. The H3 subtype of influenza virus has low pathogenicity and is widely distributed in humans, canines, equines and avians. In 2018–2019, we isolated six H3N2 subtype influenza viruses from 329 samples acquired from ducks on the Leizhou Peninsula, China, as part of an ongoing virus surveillance program. All viruses were analyzed by whole-genome sequencing with subsequent genetic comparison and phylogenetic analysis. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that reassortment of these viruses has occurred among different hosts and subtypes. Some of the H3 AIV isolates have similar genes as subtypes H5 and H7 of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs). Most importantly, one strain of H3N2 virus is a novel reassortant influenza virus containing HA and PB2 segments from canine H3N2 virus. The time of most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) data indicated that this reassortant H3N2 virus might have emerged in 2011–2018. The findings suggest that the viruses studied here have undergone multiple reassortment events. Our results provide a framework for understanding the molecular basis of host-range shifts of influenza viruses and we should pay more attention to canine which lived with avian together.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence and Evolution of Novel Canine-Avian Reassortant H3N2 Influenza A Viruses in Duck in Leizhou Peninsula, China

et al. 2022

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“…Segmented genomes from different influenza viruses can mix or recombine when the two viruses simultaneously infect the same host. In 2019, a new recombinant, H3N3 AIV, was isolated in South Korea, with PB2 and NS stemming from wild waterfowl, and the remaining six genes from poultry, indicating that wild birds and poultry exchanged internal fragments of the virus when living in common waters [ 11 ]. New recombinant AIV strains are emerging, indicating that it is necessary to continuously monitor the evolution of AIVs in wild birds [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation of Two Wild Bird-Origin H3N8 Avian Influenza Viruses to Mammalian Hosts

Liang

Cai

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Wild birds play an important role in the emergence, evolution, and spread of zoonotic avian influenza viruses (AIVs). However, there are few studies on the cross-species transmission of the H3N8 AIV originating from wild birds. In this study, we investigated the transmissibility and pathogenicity of two H3N8 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs) isolated from wild birds, GZA1 and XJ47, to mammals. The HA genes of both strains belonged to Eurasian isolates, while the other genes were derived from a variety of other subtypes of AIVs. Both strains can infect specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens, BALB/c mice, and guinea pigs. The XJ47 strain spread horizontally in SPF chickens and guinea pigs. The GZA1 strain did not spread horizontally but caused higher weight loss and mild lung inflammation in mice. P12-GZA1- and P12-XJ47-adapted strains obtained after 12 passages in the lung of mice showed enhanced pathogenicity in mice, which led to obvious clinical symptoms, lung inflammation, and 100% death. Both adapted strains have the reported mutation T97I in the PA, and the reported mutation D701N in PB2 has been found in the P12-GZA1-adapted strain. This study provides an important scientific basis for the continuous monitoring of wild AIVs and the mechanism underlying AIV cross-species transmission.

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Evidence of an emerging triple-reassortant H3N3 avian influenza virus in China

He,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The H3 subtype of avian influenza virus (AIV) stands out as one of the most prevalent subtypes, posing a significant threat to public health, and a novel triple-reassortant H3N3 AIV, designated A/chicken/China/16/2023 (H3N3), was isolated from a chicken in northern China. The complete genome of the isolate was determined using next-generation sequencing, and the AIV-like particles were confirmed via transmission electron microscopy. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that eight genes of the H3N3 isolate clustered within the Eurasian lineage of AIVs, indicating the novel H3N3 isolate has various constellations and was generated by complex reassortment events involving H3N8, H9N2, and H10N3 subtype influenza viruses. Strikingly, the HA gene of the H3N3 isolate exhibited the closest evolutionary relationships to a human-derived H3N8 influenza virus, posing a potential threat to public health. Additionally, the presence of Q226 and T228 in the HA protein suggests the H3N3 virus preferentially binds to α-2,3-linked sialic acid receptors. While the HA cleavage site motif (PEKQTR/GIF) and the absence of E627K and D701N mutations in PB2 protein classify the virus as a characteristic low pathogenicity AIV. However, several mutations in internal genes raise concerns about potential increases in viral resistance, virulence, and transmission in mammalian hosts. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the molecular and genetic characterization of the emerging triple-reassortant H3N3 AIVs, and continued surveillance of domestic poultry is essential for monitoring the H3N3 subtype evolution and potential spread.

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Complete genome sequence of a novel reassortant H3N3 avian influenza virus

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Emergence and Evolution of Novel Canine-Avian Reassortant H3N2 Influenza A Viruses in Duck in Leizhou Peninsula, China

Emergence and Evolution of Novel Canine-Avian Reassortant H3N2 Influenza A Viruses in Duck in Leizhou Peninsula, China

Adaptation of Two Wild Bird-Origin H3N8 Avian Influenza Viruses to Mammalian Hosts

Evidence of an emerging triple-reassortant H3N3 avian influenza virus in China

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