Complete electrochemical dechlorination of chlorobenzenes in the presence of various arene mediators

Jalil, Aishah Abd.; Triwahyono, Sugeng; Razali, Nurul Aini Mohamed; Hairom, Nur Hanis Hayati; Idris, Ani; Muhid, Muhd. Nazlan Muhd.; Ismail, Azlyana; Yahaya, Nurulain; Ahmad, Norhaiza; Dzinun, Hazlini

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.091

Cited by 43 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The identification of the different CBz compounds indicated that the C C bridge bond connecting the two phenyl rings of the PCBs could be damaged during the course of the reaction, although theoretically calculated BDE of C C bridge bond is relatively higher than that of C Cl bonds ( Table 1). As reported, the charge could transfer in benzene ring between paraand ortho-positions [42]. Similarly, the charge transfer can also occur from meta-position with easy breakage of C Cl bond to C C bridge position [43] during the degradation of CB-209, which might facilitate the breakage of C C bridge bond.…”

Section: Activity Testmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…9(b) 2+ to Fe 3+ with the release of free electrons. According to the hydrodechlorination mechanism reported by Jalil et al [42], the free electrons could be transferred to the benzene ring of a chlorinated aromatic compound, leading to the cleavage of the C Cl bond and the formation of the aryl anion which is then reductively protonated. Based on these reports, it has been speculated that the free electrons released by the transformation of Fe 3 O 4 into Fe 2 O 3 could promote the reductive hydrodechlorination of CB-209.…”

Section: Effect Of Spinel Structure On the Degradation Pathways Of Cbmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls using mesoporous iron-based spinels

Huang¹,

Su²,

Zhang³

et al. 2013

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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h i g h l i g h t s• The NiFe 2 O 4 had the highest activity in degradation of CB-209, followed by Fe 3 O 4 .• Hydroxyl species, organic acids, PCBs and chlorobenzenes were identified as products.• Three degradation reactions and one combination reaction competitively occurred.• Hydrodechlorination of CB-209 was more favored over Fe 3 O 4 than NiFe 2 O 4 .• Oxidation reaction of CB-209 was more favored over t r a c tA series of mesoporous iron-based spinel materials were synthesized to degrade polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), with CB-209 being used as a model compound. The materials were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), pore structure analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A comparison of the dechlorination efficiencies (DEs) of the materials revealed that NiFe 2 O 4 had the highest DE, followed by Fe 3 O 4 . Newly produced polychlorinated biphenyls, chlorinated benzenes, hydroxyl species and organic acids were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and ion chromatograph. Identification of the intermediate products indicates that three degradation pathways, hydrodechlorination, the breakage of C C bridge bond and oxidative reaction, accompanied by one combination reaction, are competitively occurring over the iron-based spinels. The relative amounts of produced three NoCB isomers were illustrated by the C Cl BDEs of CB-209 at meta-, para-and ortho-positions, and their energy gap between HOMO and LUMO. The consumption of the reactive oxygen species caused by the transformation of Fe 3 O 4 into Fe 2 O 3 in the Fe 3 O 4 reaction system, and the existence of the highly reactive O 2 −• species in the NiFe 2 O 4 reaction system, could provide a reason why the oxidation reaction was more favored over NiFe 2 O 4 than Fe 3 O 4 .

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Section: Activity Testmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Effect Of Spinel Structure On the Degradation Pathways Of Cbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls using mesoporous iron-based spinels

Huang¹,

Su²,

Zhang³

et al. 2013

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 3 The applications of nanocrystalline zirconia strongly depends on calcination temperature, crystal structure and phase transformations. Tetragonal phase is a good candidate for photocatalysts application [23,24].…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biological, physical and chemical treatment methods are ineffective, very slow and not environmentally compatible and lead to the generation of secondary pollutants [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) such as photocatalysis one promising approach and most effective treatment for selective photodegradation and selective elimination of organic contaminants of waste water [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, luminescence and photocatalyst properties of zirconia nanosheets by modified Pechini method

Aflaki

Davar

2016

Journal of Molecular Liquids

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Pure tetragonal zirconia nanosheets were successfully prepared by modified Pechini method. In this approach, ZrOCl 2 .6H 2 O, tri ethanol amine (TEA) and citric acid (CA) were used as the source of Zr 4+ , the chelating and polymerization agent, respectively. The effects of heat treatment and TEA:CA: Zr 4+ ratios on the structure, morphology and zirconia particle size were investigated.The microstructure of the products was characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis. The zirconia nanosheets exhibit photoluminescence at room temperature with a broad emission in the blue region of the visible spectrum. Finally, the effect of calcination temperature on the photocatalyst properties of nanosheets was investigated.

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“…Ammonium oxalate (AO) was obtained from RiedelDe Haen AG Seelze-Hannover while isopropanol (IP) was supplied by System ® . Tetraethylammonium perchlorate (TEAP), which was used as a supporting electrolyte in the electrolysis was prepared accordance with the procedure reported in the literature [29].…”

Section: Reagents Materials and Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%