Complete DNA sequence of the short repeat region in the genome of herpes simplex virus type 1

McGeoch, Duncan J.; Dolan, Aidan; Donald, Sally; Brauer, Dieter

doi:10.1093/nar/14.4.1727

Cited by 319 publications

(258 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In the present examination, we took 63 variable sites chosen from 225 sites distributed over the whole genome (Fig. 1). Judging from the open reading frames completely sequenced for HSV-1 strain 17 (McGeoch et al, 1985(McGeoch et al, , 1986, most of the 63 sites were located in coding regions. For the classification of isolates into genotypes, the remaining 162 sites were excluded because they varied little between strains and because of limitations in computer capacity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of genomic polymorphism of herpes simplex virus type 1 strains from six countries: studies of molecular evolution and molecular epidemiology of the virus

Sakaoka¹,

Kurita²,

Iida

et al. 1994

Journal of General Virology

159

110

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Using the presence or absence of 63 variable restriction endonuclease (RE) sites selected from 225 sites with six REs, genomic polymorphism of 242 herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) strains from six countries (Japan, Korea, China, Sweden, U.S.A. and Kenya) was quantitatively analysed. Twenty-five of the 63 sites were found to differ between Korean and Kenyan strains. In contrast, only three and six sites were found to differ between isolates from Sweden and the U.S.A. and between those from Korea and China, respectively, suggesting that they are closely related to each other. In this way, characterization of 63 sites enabled us to categorize 186 distinct HSV-1 genotypes from 242 individuals. Some strains from Japan, Korea and China shared the same genotypes, indicating that they are phylogenetically closely related. Many significant correlation coefficients (] r ] > 0.42; P < 0.01) between pairs of sites were found in isolates from the three Asian countries (Japan, Korea and China) as well as in those from Sweden and the U.S.A., suggesting that HSV-1 strains from within the same ethnic groups are evolutionarily closer. The average number of nucleotide substitutions per nucleotide, as defined by nucleotide diversity (~), was estimated for HSV-1 genomes within (~x or ~y) and between (~xY) countries. On the basis of 225 sites, nucleotide diversity for Kenyan isolates was 0-0056, almost three times higher than that for Korean isolates, implying that Kenyan HSV-1 genomes are much more diverse than those from Korea. In addition, the diversity between HSV-1 isolates from different countries (~xY) was highest between isolates from the three Asian countries and Kenya (0.0075 to 0.0081) and lowest among those from the three Asian countries (0.0032 to 0.0040). The mutation rate (k) for HSV-1 was estimated to be 3-5 x 10 S/site/year. All these findings show that the evolution of HSV-1 may be host-dependent and very slow.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of genomic polymorphism of herpes simplex virus type 1 strains from six countries: studies of molecular evolution and molecular epidemiology of the virus

Sakaoka¹,

Kurita²,

Iida

et al. 1994

Journal of General Virology

159

110

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“…The DNA sequences of plasmid cloned copies of HSV-1 strain 17 restriction fragments were determined by the M13/chain terminator system as described (5,9,10). For the sequence reported in this paper, fragments used were EcoRI j cloned in pACYC184 (from V.G.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Computer handling and interpretation of sequence data used a PDPl1/44 under RSXllM as described (5,10 Figure 2, as 3740 bp of composition 65.7% G+C. For a reason which will become apparent, the sequence is listed as the strand oriented 5' to 3', right to left, on the genome diagram of Figure 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA sequence of the herpes simplex virus type 1 gene encoding glycoprotein gH, and identification of homologues in the genomes of varicella-zoster virus and Epstein-Barr virus

McGeoch

Davison

1986

Nucl Acids Res

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We have determined the sequence of herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA around the previously mapped location of sequences encoding an epitope of glycoprotein gH, and have deduced the structure of the gH gene and the amino acid sequence of gH. The unprocessed polypeptide is predicted to contain 838 amino acids, and to possess an N-terminal signal sequence and a C-terminal transmembrane sequence. Temperature-sensitive mutant tsQ26 maps within the predicted gH coding sequence. Homologous genes were identified in the genomes of two other herpesviruses, namely varicella-zoster virus and Epstein-Barr virus.

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“…The virus has a large, 152-kb genome encoding about 77 polypeptides (14,15). BenMohamed et al demonstrated A*0201-restricted responses to HSV-1 glycoprotein D (16,17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-presentation and genome-wide screening reveal candidate T cells antigens for a herpes simplex virus type 1 vaccine

Jing¹,

Haas²,

Chong³

et al. 2012

J. Clin. Invest.

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Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) not only causes painful recurrent oral-labial infections, it can also cause permanent brain damage and blindness. There is currently no HSV-1 vaccine. An effective vaccine must stimulate coordinated T cell responses, but the large size of the genome and the low frequency of HSV-1-specific T cells have hampered the search for the most effective T cell antigens for inclusion in a candidate vaccine. We have now developed what we believe to be novel methods to efficiently generate a genome-wide map of the responsiveness of HSV-1-specific T cells, and demonstrate the applicability of these methods to a second complex microbe, vaccinia virus. We used cross-presentation and CD137 activation-based FACS to enrich for polyclonal CD8 + T effector T cells. The HSV-1 proteome was prepared in a flexible format for analyzing both CD8 + and CD4 + T cells from study participants. Scans with participant-specific panels of artificial APCs identified an oligospecific response in each individual. Parallel CD137-based CD4 + T cell research showed discrete oligospecific recognition of HSV-1 antigens. Unexpectedly, the two HSV-1 proteins not previously considered as vaccine candidates elicited both CD8 + and CD4 + T cell responses in most HSV-1-infected individuals. In this era of microbial genomics, our methods -also demonstrated in principle for vaccinia virus for both CD8 + and CD4 + T cells -should be broadly applicable to the selection of T cell antigens for inclusion in candidate vaccines for many pathogens. IntroductionHerpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infects 60% of the US population and has a significant cumulative health care burden in addition to causing painful recurrent oral-labial infections. For example, brain and eye infections can cause permanent damage or blindness (1). HSV-1 also causes approximately 50% of clinical first-episode genital herpes in the United States. Vaccines for HSV that have been tested thus far have failed in clinical trials, including a recent phase III trial of an adjuvanted glycoprotein D (gD2) product (2). This vaccine elicits antibody and CD4 + T cell responses but fails to induce CD8 responses. Newer platforms can elicit CD8 + and CD4 + cells, but they require rationally selected T cell antigens. We therefore developed methods to permit measurement of both CD8 and CD4 responses to the complete HSV-1 proteome to begin rational prioritization of next-generation vaccine candidates.Several recent observations support the concept that an effective HSV vaccine will need to induce coordinated CD8 + and CD4 + T cell responses. HSV-1-specific CD8 + T cells localize to the site of HSV-1 infection in human and murine trigeminal ganglia (TG) (3-5), and both HSV-specific CD8 + and CD4 + T cells localize to acute and healed sites of skin infection in mice and humans, sug-

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Complete DNA sequence of the short repeat region in the genome of herpes simplex virus type 1

Cited by 319 publications

References 55 publications

Quantitative analysis of genomic polymorphism of herpes simplex virus type 1 strains from six countries: studies of molecular evolution and molecular epidemiology of the virus

Quantitative analysis of genomic polymorphism of herpes simplex virus type 1 strains from six countries: studies of molecular evolution and molecular epidemiology of the virus

DNA sequence of the herpes simplex virus type 1 gene encoding glycoprotein gH, and identification of homologues in the genomes of varicella-zoster virus and Epstein-Barr virus

Cross-presentation and genome-wide screening reveal candidate T cells antigens for a herpes simplex virus type 1 vaccine

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