Complete Cloning and Molecular Organization of a Rabies-related Virus, Mokola Virus

Bourhy, Hervé; Tordo, Noël; Lafon, Monique; Sureau, P.

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-70-8-2063

Cited by 32 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 61 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Analyses of the G-Psi gene transcription start and stop signals by other investigators have shown that two clearly different G-Psi mRNA configurations exist in rabies viruses• Classic or fixed rabies strains such as PV and ERA were found to produce both the G mRNA and G-Psi mRNA, whereas another group produces only the G-Psi mRNA through deletion of the G stop signal from the genome (Bourhy et al, 1989;Morimoto et al, 1989;Tordo et al, 1986). All the South African isolates, whether from canid or viverrid hosts, were found to lack a stop signal for G mRNA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of rabies virus in South Africa: evidence for two distinct virus groups

Teichman

Thomson²,

Meredith³

et al. 1995

Journal of General Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In order to derive phylogenetic relationships between rabies virus isolates from different geographical locations and host species in South Africa, two genome regions of the virus, viz. the cytoplasmic domain of the glycoprotein and the G-L intergenic region (pseudogene), were sequenced. A high level of nucleic acid sequence conservation indicated a close phylogenetic relationship between virus isolates from domestic dogs, jackals and bat-eared foxes, i.e. Canidae. These isolates aot~eared to be distinct from but closely related to European strains of rabies virus. However, a phylogenetically distinguishable and distant group, which contained isolates from mongooses (i.e. Viverridae) was identifiable. The latter group appears to be distantly related to European and vaccine strains of rabies virus and may have evolved uniquely on the central plateau of South Africa. Our data also indicate that spillover from mongooses (or other viverrids) to canid hosts occurs occasionally.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of rabies virus in South Africa: evidence for two distinct virus groups

Teichman

Thomson²,

Meredith³

et al. 1995

Journal of General Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, considerable differences in the brain transduction patterns were demonstrated between two related lyssavirus-derived GPs. Transduction of the mouse striatum by HIV-1 vectors pseudotyped with the GP derived from a Mokola virus originally isolated from a cat in Zimbabwe (MokZIM) [Bourhy, 1989] was inefficient [Desmaris, 2001], while HIV-1 vectors bearing a Mokola virus GP obtained from an Ethiopian Mokola virus isolate (MokETH) [Mebatsion, 1995] revealed robust transduction [Watson, 2002].…”

Section: Lentiviral Pseudotypes Involving Alternative Glycoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altering the Tropism of Lentiviral Vectors through Pseudotyping

Cronin

Zhang²,

Reiser³

2005

CGT

464

338

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The host range of retroviral vectors including lentiviral vectors can be expanded or altered by a process known as pseudotyping. Pseudotyped lentiviral vectors consist of vector particles bearing glycoproteins (GPs) derived from other enveloped viruses. Such particles possess the tropism of the virus from which the GP was derived. For example, to exploit the natural neural tropism of rabies virus, vectors designed to target the central nervous system have been pseudotyped using rabies virusderived GPs. Among the first and still most widely used GPs for pseudotyping lentiviral vectors is the vesicular stomatitis virus GP (VSV-G), due to the very broad tropism and stability of the resulting pseudotypes. Pseudotypes involving VSV-G have become effectively the standard for evaluating the efficiency of other pseudotypes. This review samples a few of the more prominent examples from the ever-expanding list of published lentiviral pseudotypes, noting comparisons made with pseudotypes involving VSV-G in terms of titer, viral particle stability, toxicity, and host-cell specificity. Particular attention is paid to publications of successfully targeting a specific organ or cell types.

show abstract

“…The latter is a nucleotidyl transferase (RNA synthesis), a guanylyl transferase (capping) and a poly(A) synthetase (polyadenylation). In several mononegavirales, L protein has also been shown to be a specific kinase for the phosphoprotein, although the functional role of this phosphorylation remains to be demonstrated (Gao & Lenard, 1995).We have completed the sequence of the Mokola virus genome (EMBL accession number Y09762) by sequencing the complete L gene using three overlapping cDNA clones -β5β (3295 bp), pM12 (2815 bp) and R15α (710 bp) -previously described (Bourhy et al, 1989(Bourhy et al, , 1993. Inserts were subcloned into the pUC18 vector, serially deleted by restriction enzyme or exonuclease III digestion, and then sequenced on both strands using either M13 forward or reverse primer and automated sequencing (ALF Pharmacia).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the coding regions, the N gene is the most conserved (81n7 % amino acid identity), followed, in decreasing order, by the L (77n9 %), M (76n3 %), G (58n4 %) and P (47n4 %) genes. The L open reading frame (ORF), 6384 nt in length, is flanked by two sequences homologous to the consensus transcription start (genome position 5416) and stop (11862) signals previously characterized (Bourhy et al, 1989). L mRNAs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have completed the sequence of the Mokola virus genome (EMBL accession number Y09762) by sequencing the complete L gene using three overlapping cDNA clones -β5β (3295 bp), pM12 (2815 bp) and R15α (710 bp) -previously described (Bourhy et al, 1989(Bourhy et al, , 1993. Inserts were subcloned into the pUC18 vector, serially deleted by restriction enzyme or exonuclease III digestion, and then sequenced on both strands using either M13 forward or reverse primer and automated sequencing (ALF Pharmacia).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The complete Mokola virus genome sequence: structure of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.

Mercier

Jacob

Tordo

1997

Journal of General Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The genome sequence of the rabies-related virus Mokola virus (genus Lyssavirus) has been completed by sequencing the L gene, which consists of 6384 nucleotides encoding a 2127 amino acid polymerase. Alignment of the Mokola virus L protein with other polymerases from the virus order Mononegavirales defined three domains : a divergent NH 2 -terminal domain, a highly conserved central domain carrying most of the functional motifs and a COOHterminal domain with alternating conserved and divergent regions. A statistical study outlined the stringency of conservation of glycine, acidic (D, E) and basic (K, R, H) amino acids in polymerases, particularly as key residues of the conserved motifs.Mokola virus is a rabies-related virus that forms genotype 3 of the genus Lyssavirus (family Rhabdoviridae) (Bourhy et al., 1993). It is among the most genetically distant from rabies virus (genotype 1), and modern anti-rabies vaccines fail to protect against Mokola virus infection. Mokola virus has been responsible for a few cases of human and animal encephalomyelitis, largely dispersed throughout sub-saharian Africa (Foggin, 1982). The induced pathology is similar to that of rabies, although no typical ' furious ' form has been associated with Mokola virus infection (King et al., 1994). In mice, Mokola virus is less virulent than rabies virus since it does not kill when injected by a peripheral route (Perrin et al., 1996). In vitro, Mokola virus can multiply in mosquito (Aedes albopictus) cells whereas rabies virus cannot (Aitken et al., 1984). This characteristic is shared only by very distant lyssaviruses such as Obodhiang and Kotokan, which are true arboviruses (Buckley, 1975). Indeed, Mokola virus has been isolated from insectivorous mammals such as shrews (Shope et al., 1970).The Mokola virus genome is a single negative-stranded RNA molecule (order Mononegavirales) which encodes five proteins. Two interact with the viral membrane : the matrix Author for correspondence : Noe$ l Tordo.Fax j33 1 40 61 32 56. e-mail ntordo!pasteur.frThe nucleotide sequence reported in this paper will appear in the EMBL nucleotide sequence database under accession number Y09762.protein (M or M2), which is involved in virion morphology, and the transmembrane glycoprotein (G), which provides cell receptor recognition, and against which neutralizing antibodies are directed. The other three proteins in the ribonucleocapsid structure participate in transcription and replication : the nucleoprotein (N) tightly encapsidates the genome, making it a template for the polymerase complex which comprises the cofactor phosphoprotein (P or M1) and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L). The latter is a nucleotidyl transferase (RNA synthesis), a guanylyl transferase (capping) and a poly(A) synthetase (polyadenylation). In several mononegavirales, L protein has also been shown to be a specific kinase for the phosphoprotein, although the functional role of this phosphorylation remains to be demonstrated (Gao & Lenard, 1995).We have completed the sequence of the Moko...

show abstract

Complete Cloning and Molecular Organization of a Rabies-related Virus, Mokola Virus

Cited by 32 publications

References 61 publications

Molecular epidemiology of rabies virus in South Africa: evidence for two distinct virus groups

Molecular epidemiology of rabies virus in South Africa: evidence for two distinct virus groups

Altering the Tropism of Lentiviral Vectors through Pseudotyping

The complete Mokola virus genome sequence: structure of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About