Complete chloroplast genome sequence of Pedicularis verticillata and chloroplast genome reconstruction of P. cheilanthifolia (Orobanchaceae)

Abstract

We here report the complete chloroplast genome of Pedicularis verticillata and the reconstructed chloroplast genome of Pedicularis cheilanthifolia, the first such genome reported for this genus. The P. verticillata genome is 142,733 bp, including a 24,984-bp inverted repeat (IR) region, 89,723-bp large single-copy (LSC) region, and 12,042-bp small single copy (SSC) region, and the P. cheilanthifolia genome is 147,807 bp (IRs: 24,916 bp; LSC: 82,718 bp; SSC: 15,257 bp). The chloroplast genome of P. verticillata contains 116 genes, including 71 coding genes, 8 rRNAs, and 37 tRNAs. In the genomes of both species, 10 ndh genes are lost and ndhB was identified in the IR region. Additionally, rps16 is also lost in P. verticillata but not in P. cheilanthifolia. The maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree showed that Pedicularis is a monophyletic and sister group to other hemi-parasitic species in Orobanchaceae.

Responses of Three Pedicularis Species to Geological and Climatic Changes in the Qinling Mountains and Adjacent Areas in East Asia

“…In agreement with previous studies, Pedicularis verticillata L. and Pedicularis hallaisanensis Hurus. have clustered the sister evolutionary clades [ 33 ]. Another phylogenetic study showed that Pedicularis species clustered together and Pedicularis shansiensis P. C. Tsoong and P. dissecta formed a clade based on complete chloroplast genomes [ 34 ].…”

Complete chloroplast genomes and phylogenetic relationships of Pedicularis chinensis and Pedicularis kansuensis

“…It is generally recognized that the cp genome structure and gene content are relatively conserved, but the cp genome sequence of Pedicularis has undergone a strong IR expansion, resulting in the loss of sequence regions 17 , 18 . In the cp genomes of P. verticillata and P. cheilanthifolia , gene loss is not a special phenomenon, such as the loss of ndh genes ( ndhA and ndhK ), and the rps16 gene was lost only in P. verticillata 19 – 21 . A reduction in the cp genome length due to the loss of ndh has also been observed in P. hallaisanensis and P. alaschanica in the last 5 years 22 .…”