Complete chloroplast genome of a high-quality forage in north China, <i>Medicago ruthenica</i> (Fabaceae：Trifolieae)

Xie, Jun; Mao, Junping; Li, Zongren; Liang, Chengbo; Ou, Weiyou; Tang, Junwei; Liu, Hua; Wang, Haichun; Ji, Zhongke; Kazhuocairang,; Shen, Yingfang

doi:10.1080/23802359.2020.1845578

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…littoralis . In addition, the trnK / matK sequences of Steele et al 19 and complete plastomes used in previous Medicago studies 33 , 34 , 66 were included as ingroups (Table S4 ). Sequences were aligned using MAFFT v.7.450 67 , and the alignment algorithm was automatically selected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five of the accesions showed high levels of plastid DNA polymorphism, three of which showed mixed sequences of M. truncatula and M. littoralis. In addition, the trnK/matK sequences of Steele et al 19 and complete plastomes used in previous Medicago studies 33,34,66 were included as ingroups (Table S4). Sequences were aligned using MAFFT v.7.450 67 , and the alignment algorithm was automatically selected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plastid phylogenomics uncovers multiple species in Medicago truncatula (Fabaceae) germplasm accessions

Choi

Wojciechowski

Steele

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Medicago truncatula is a model legume that has been extensively investigated in diverse subdisciplines of plant science. Medicago littoralis can interbreed with M. truncatula and M. italica; these three closely related species form a clade, i.e. TLI clade. Genetic studies have indicated that M. truncatula accessions are heterogeneous but their taxonomic identities have not been verified. To elucidate the phylogenetic position of diverse M. truncatula accessions within the genus, we assembled 54 plastid genomes (plastomes) using publicly available next-generation sequencing data and conducted phylogenetic analyses using maximum likelihood. Five accessions showed high levels of plastid DNA polymorphism. Three of these highly polymorphic accessions contained sequences from both M. truncatula and M. littoralis. Phylogenetic analyses of sequences placed some accessions closer to distantly related species suggesting misidentification of source material. Most accessions were placed within the TLI clade and maximally supported the interrelationships of three subclades. Two Medicago accessions were placed within a M. italica subclade of the TLI clade. Plastomes with a 45-kb (rpl20-ycf1) inversion were placed within the M. littoralis subclade. Our results suggest that the M. truncatula accession genome pool represents more than one species due to possible mistaken identities and gene flow among closely related species.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastid phylogenomics uncovers multiple species in Medicago truncatula (Fabaceae) germplasm accessions

Choi

Wojciechowski

Steele

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Fifteen of the genes contain one intron and one of them contains two introns. Compared with the chloroplast genomes previously published about the other plants of Medicago L. (Choi et al 2019 ; Zhao et al 2021 ), M. ruthenica (MH901635.1) published by Xie et al ( 2021 ) lacks the gene ndhD which encodes NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4, and M. ruthenica ‘Taihang’ (MW703984.1) lacks the gene petN which encodes cytochrome b6/f complex subunit VIII. In addition, the gene sequence from clpP to psaA is reversed in M. ruthenica MH901635.1 and MW703984.1.…”

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confidence: 91%

“…The cultivar ‘Taihang’, which has a large number of leaves, good quality, high grass yield and seed yield, is more suitable for planting in northern semi-arid areas in China and other similar conditions. To date, several barcode analyses have been performed using matK and trnH-psbA (Nadia et al 2014 ; Badr et al 2020 ), and a complete chloroplast genome of M. ruthenica from Qinghai Province, China was assembled and published previously (Xie et al 2021 ). In this research, we aimed to establish and characterized the chloroplast (cp) genome of the ‘Taihang’ cultivar to provide additional genomic data for the phylogenetic study of this species and the Trifolieae.…”

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confidence: 99%

The complete chloroplast genome of Medicago ruthenica cv. ‘Taihang’ (Fabaceae) from Shanxi, China

Shang

et al. 2021

Mitochondrial DNA Part B

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Medicago ruthenica is an important perennial forage with multiple characteristics of resistance. In this study, we sequenced and characterized the complete chloroplast genome of M. ruthenica ‘Taihang’, which is 124, 254 bp in length. A total of 108 genes were identified, including 74 protein-coding, 30 tRNA, and four rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis based on 27 chloroplast genomes showed that M. ruthenica ‘Taihang’ has a close relationship with M. ruthenica from Qinghai Province, China. The data are useful in better understanding the genetic diversity and stress resistance of Medicago and contribute to the phylogenetic study of Trifolieae.

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“…Due to its good cold tolerance, M. ruthenica has the potential to be produced in the cold areas of China. Furthermore, it plays an important role in improving natural grassland, building artificial grassland, and improving the contradiction between grass and livestock ( Xie et al., 2021 ). The alpine region lacks suitable legume species because of climate and environment problems; thus, M. ruthenica is an ideal species for natural grassland reseeding and artificial grassland planting in this region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological effects of γ-aminobutyric acid application on cold tolerance in Medicago ruthenica

Liu

2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Low temperatures in the seedling stage during early spring limit Medicago ruthenica germination and seedling growth. Elucidating the physiological mechanism of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-regulated cold tolerance in M. ruthenica could provide a reference for alleviating the harmful effects of low temperatures on legumes in alpine meadows. The regulatory effects of GABA on M. ruthenica physiological parameters were explored by simulating the ground temperatures in the alpine meadow area of Tianzhu, China, in early May (2 h at 7°C; 6 h at 15°C; 4 h at 12°C; 2 h at 7°C; 10 h at 3°C). Our results showed that 15 mmol/l GABA was the optimal spray concentration to promote growth in the aboveground and belowground parts and increase the fresh and dry weights of seedlings. At this concentration, GABA enhanced the activities of catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and ascorbate peroxidase; increased the osmotic balance; and inhibited the production of harmful substances in the cells under low-temperature conditions. GABA also regulated the tissue structure of leaves, increased the cell tense ratio, maintained photochemical activity, increased the amount of light energy to the photochemical reaction center, and improved the photosynthetic rate. Furthermore, exogenous GABA application increased the endogenous GABA content by promoting GABA synthesis in the early stages of low-temperature stress but mainly participated in low-temperature stress mitigation via GABA degradation in the late stages. Our results show that GABA can improve the cold tolerance of M. ruthenica by promoting endogenous GABA metabolism, protecting the membrane system, and improving the leaf structure.

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Complete chloroplast genome of a high-quality forage in north China, Medicago ruthenica (Fabaceae：Trifolieae)

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Plastid phylogenomics uncovers multiple species in Medicago truncatula (Fabaceae) germplasm accessions

Plastid phylogenomics uncovers multiple species in Medicago truncatula (Fabaceae) germplasm accessions

The complete chloroplast genome of Medicago ruthenica cv. ‘Taihang’ (Fabaceae) from Shanxi, China

Physiological effects of γ-aminobutyric acid application on cold tolerance in Medicago ruthenica

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