1984
DOI: 10.1148/radiology.152.1.6729137
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Complete cartilage-ring tracheal stenosis associated with anomalous left pulmonary artery: the ring-sling complex.

Abstract: The persistent high mortality in infants with pulmonary artery "sling" (retrotracheal anomalous left pulmonary artery) is primarily due to the coexistence in such patients of long-segment tracheal stenosis due to complete cartilage rings. Five such patients are reported. Airway studies (by filtered high-kV radiography, bronchography, and/or CT) showed low carina, horizontal equal-length right and left mainstem bronchi, and long-segment tracheal stenosis. The length of the stenosis far exceeded the contact with… Show more

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Cited by 204 publications
(86 citation statements)
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“…In approximately 50% of infants with an anomalous left pulmonary artery, respiratory embarrassment can be caused by either tracheomalacia or long-segment tracheal stenosis due to complete cartilage ''O'' rings (''napkin ring'' or ''stove-pipe trachea'') with absence of any posterior tracheal membrane. 28,41,42,43 The latter association has been called the ''ring-sling'' syndrome and is responsible for most of the fatal cases of pulmonary sling reported in the literature. An aggressive surgical approach to this type of tracheal malformation is generally recommended.…”
Section: Tracheobronchial Malformationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…In approximately 50% of infants with an anomalous left pulmonary artery, respiratory embarrassment can be caused by either tracheomalacia or long-segment tracheal stenosis due to complete cartilage ''O'' rings (''napkin ring'' or ''stove-pipe trachea'') with absence of any posterior tracheal membrane. 28,41,42,43 The latter association has been called the ''ring-sling'' syndrome and is responsible for most of the fatal cases of pulmonary sling reported in the literature. An aggressive surgical approach to this type of tracheal malformation is generally recommended.…”
Section: Tracheobronchial Malformationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Both the right and left main bronchi have a horizontal course, giving an inverted ''T'' appearance. 6,42 Tracheomalacia associated with a double aortic arch or right arch may be associated with poor outcome and death if left untreated. 11,19 Tracheoesophageal fistula, hiatus hernia, gastroesophageal reflux, diaphragmatic eventration, imperforate or ectopic anus, horseshoe kidney, and vertebral anomalies (personal observation) have been anecdotally reported to be associated with vascular ring anomalies.…”
Section: Tracheobronchial Malformationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Também são relatados casos com estenose dos brônquios principais, a presença de brônquio traqueal, anormalidades na ramificação brônquica e fístula traqueoesofágica (2) . O pseudo-isomerismo, no qual o crescimento e a divisão dos brôn-quios principais estão alterados formando brônquios principais de comprimento semelhante, foi primeiramente descrito em 1976 (4) e confirmado como anormalidade comumente associada à artéria pulmonar esquerda anômala num estudo posterior, que sugere o termo T invertido para descrever o trajeto horizontal dos brônquios principais direito e esquerdo (11) . As anormalidades cardiovasculares são freqüentemente encontradas e podem estar presentes em cerca de 50% dos pacientes com alça da artéria pulmonar.…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…Estenose traqueal por massa posterior pulsá-til é comumente visualizada logo acima da carina (12) . Porém, a broncoscopia é perigosa naqueles pacientes em que o tubo força a área estreitada da traquéia, causando mais edema e complicando o problema pré-existente (11) . Para confirmar o diagnóstico de artéria pulmonar esquerda anômala, a angiocardiografia seletiva é o exame mais específi-co. Porém, nos casos com anomalias complexas, a alça da artéria pulmonar pode não ser identificada mesmo com a angiocardiografia (2) .…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
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