Complete Amino Acid Sequence of the B Chain of Mistletoe Lectin I

Soler, Montserrat Huguet; Stoeva, Stanka; Voelter, Wolfgang

doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.8670

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The A-chain contains 254 amino acid residues, and using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), the existence of a potential N-glycosylation site was confirmed [39]. The B-chain is composed of 264 amino acid residues, and three potential N-glycosylation sites were confirmed by MALDI-MS analysis [40]. In addition, the B-chain consists of six subdomains, but only two of them (1α and 3γ) have sugar-binding receptors, namely the key residues in 1α receptor, Asp 22 Gln 256 .…”

Section: Difficulties With Lectin Standardization Of Me and ML Preparmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The complete amino acid sequences of the A-and Bchains of ML-I have been determined [39,40]. The A-chain contains 254 amino acid residues, and using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), the existence of a potential N-glycosylation site was confirmed [39].…”

Section: Difficulties With Lectin Standardization Of Me and ML Preparmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the B-chain consists of six subdomains, but only two of them (1α and 3γ) have sugar-binding receptors, namely the key residues in 1α receptor, Asp 22 Gln 256 . Therefore, the B-chain is the lectin part of the whole molecule [40].…”

Section: Difficulties With Lectin Standardization Of Me and ML Preparmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amino acid analysis revealed 17 conservative substitutions along the amino acid sequence of the A-chain [39]. Analyzed sequence data of B-chain also show 12 conservative substitutions, most of them located in the C-terminal region of the protein [40]. Because of the heterogeneity of ML isoforms, an exact immunological standardization of commercial ME is not easy.…”

Section: Difficulties With Lectin Standardization Of Me and ML Preparmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Difficulties and perspectives of immunomodulatory therapy with mistletoe lectins and standardized mistletoe extracts in evidence based medicine

Hajtò¹,

Fodor²,

Perjési³

et al. 2012

Z Phytother

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Viscum album preparations are aqueous mistletoe plant extracts used in complementary and alternative medicine as immunomodulators in cancer therapy. However, evidence of immunological efficacy of mistletoe extracts (MEs) used in clinical trials is often lacking. Mechanisms involved in anti-tumor properties of ME and mistletoe lectins (MLs) modify both innate and adaptive immune systems, according to animal model experiments. In the background of these effects, a selective binding of ML on CD75 ganglioside receptors of interleukin 12 (IL-12)-producing macrophages or dendritic cells can play an important role. Immunological effects of ME correlate with their lectin activity, showing a bell-shaped dose-response curve of efficacy. Therefore, a correct determination of MLs for the standardization of commercial ME is essential. However, plant MLs exhibit heterogeneity, which most likely results from post-translational processing. In addition, amino acid analysis of ML has revealed numerous conservative substitutions along their amino acid sequence. Consequently, ML research needs new perspectives, and the advantages and disadvantages of purified and biologically better defined ML preparations are also discussed in this article.

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Section: Difficulties With Lectin Standardization Of Me and ML Preparmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Difficulties With Lectin Standardization Of Me and ML Preparmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Difficulties With Lectin Standardization Of Me and ML Preparmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Difficulties With Lectin Standardization Of Me and ML Preparmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Difficulties and perspectives of immunomodulatory therapy with mistletoe lectins and standardized mistletoe extracts in evidence based medicine

Hajtò¹,

Fodor²,

Perjési³

et al. 2012

Z Phytother

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show abstract

“…In den letzten Jahren wurde die Prima Èrstruktur von VAA-I analysiert. Eine grosse Homologie mit Ricin und Abrin wurde gefunden [23,24] 35]. In Kultur von PBMC beginnt VAA-I oberhalb einer Grenze von 10 ng/ml zytostatisch und zytotoxisch zu wirken, wenn ebenfalls 24 h lang inkubiert wird [37].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Zukunft der Misteltherapie aus pharmakologischer Sicht

1999

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Because of their cytostatic/apoptotic and immunomodulatory effects mistletoe extracts are often applied in tumour patients. Recent experimental data suggest that the mistletoe lectins Viscum album agglutinin (VAA)-I and -II are play an important role in the efficacy of mistletoe therapy. VAA-I and -II are members of the type-II ribosome-inactivating proteins. VAA-I has been shown to induce cytostatic effects in cultures of various eukaryotic cells in vitro. In 24-hour cultures of human peripheral lymphocytes, flow-cytometric investigations with propidium iodide (PI) in hypotonic buffer and quantitative assessment of DNA breaks with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay were carried out; they revealed a dose-dependent VAA-I-induced apoptosis (lectin concentrations between 10 ng/ml and 1 μg/ml). In 24-hour cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), VAA-I in non-cytotoxic concentrations (1±10 ng/ml) induced mRNA expression and enhanced the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. The stimulation of NK cells by VAA-I in vitro was enhanced in additive manner by the combination of VAA-I with IL-2 and IL-12. In culture of PBMC and bone marrow CD34⁺ cells coincubation of VAA-I with other haematopoietic growth factors induced a dose-dependent increase in clonogenic growth. In cancer patients the mechanisms of natural immunity, believed to be essential for their survival, are often significantly decreased. VAA-I and standardized mistletoe extracts are able to stimulate the cellular parameters of natural immunity with a bell-shaped curve of efficacy. Studies in animal models suggest that application of 0.5–3 ng/kg VAA-I twice a week is effective in sustaining the elevation of the number and activity of peripheral blood NK cells. These parameters often exhibit high intrinsic fluctuations, in healthy persons, however, blind crossover studies reveal an optimal lectin dose of about 0.5 and 1 ng/kg bw, suggesting a potential use of mistletoe preparations as a modulator of the natural immune system. Selective apoptotic effects of VAA-I may represent a novel approach for pharmacological manipulation of the balance between cell growth and programmed cell death. Appropriate combination of immunomodulatory and cytotoxic doses may open new clinical perspectives in the mistletoe therapy.

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Analytical Tools for Rapid, Sensitive, Quantitative Identification of Potential Meat Quality Markers

Voelter¹,

Stoeva

Echner

et al. 2000

J. prakt. Chem.

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Conversion of muscle tissue to meat, including tenderization, is a complex process. As the consumer considers meat tenderness to be the most important criterion for meat quality, this conversion should be elucidated on a biomolecular basis. With such a biochemical background, specific sensitive analytical tools could be developed which would correlate physicochemical parameters with the degree of tenderness.Various events take place at the level of the myofibrils which have been correlated with meat tenderness. These include Z-disk weakening [1], degradation of desmin or titin, leading to fragmentation or weakening of myofibrils, the disappearance of troponin-T and simultaneous appearance of 28 -32 kDa proteins or detection of a 110 kDa protein fragment, as monitored thoughout the conditioning period by electron microscopic studies and SDS polyacrylamide gel electroAbstract. Myofibrillar extracts from bovine Musculus longissimus dorsi (MLD) were subjected to SDS-PAGE, electroblotted and fragments of the 30 kDa band determined by internal and N-terminal Edman sequencing, giving unequivocal proof, troponin-T (TNT) to be the origin of this band. Based on the N-terminal primary sequence of the 30 kDa band, a peptide with high antigenic sites was synthesized, conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), antibodies were generated and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELI-SA) was developed for the determination of TNT concentrations in meat samples. For routine determinations of meat quality markers it seems more convenient to analyse soluble meat extracts, produced by trichloroacetic acid (TCA) or HCl treatment. In the supernatants of TCA-treated MLDs, prominent peptide fragments from glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Keywords: Capillary electrophoresis, Immunoassays, Peptides, Proteins, Meat quality markers phoresis, respectively [2 -7]. In particular, the disappearance of troponin-T and the concomitant appearance of 28 -32 kDa proteins seem to be good indicators of post-mortem proteolysis. However, the origin of the 30 kDa fragments was speculative and not determined on a structural basis [8 -10]. Therefore, we recently applied the technique of internal microsequencing to provide for the first time unequivocal proof for the origin of the 30 kDa protein [11]. The 30 kDa protein transferred to ProBlott and Immobilon membranes was digested with trypsin, the peptide mixture separated with HPLC, selected peptides isolated and sequenced. Eight peptides, varying from 5 to 13 amino acid residues, displayed between 50 and 100% homology to rabbit troponin-T, according to our protein homology search. As SDS-PAGE operations are tedious, inconvenient and time-consuming, we suggest in this communication could be separated by HPLC and identified by Edman degradation. Both fragments were found to increase with ageing and might become useful indicators of meat quality. After HPLC separation and structure elucidation of MLD HCl extracts, fructose-biphosphate aldolase, creatine kinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and myogl...

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Complete Amino Acid Sequence of the B Chain of Mistletoe Lectin I

Cited by 37 publications

References 36 publications

Difficulties and perspectives of immunomodulatory therapy with mistletoe lectins and standardized mistletoe extracts in evidence based medicine

Difficulties and perspectives of immunomodulatory therapy with mistletoe lectins and standardized mistletoe extracts in evidence based medicine

Zukunft der Misteltherapie aus pharmakologischer Sicht

Analytical Tools for Rapid, Sensitive, Quantitative Identification of Potential Meat Quality Markers

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