Complementary spectroscopy studies and potential activities of levan-type fructan produced by Bacillus paralicheniformis ND2

Discovery of a novel marine Bacteroidetes with a rich repertoire of carbohydrate-active enzymes

“…3 ). Levan-type fructans are a type of marine bacterial exopolysaccharide [84] . Their universal distribution and the ease of their utilization in diverse marine environments is indicated by this finding.…”

Exopolysaccharides Producing Bacteria: A Review

“…Many bacteria are capable of synthesizing levan, including Gram-negative bacteria of the class Alphaproteobacteria , Acetobacter , Gluconobacter [ 224 , 225 , 226 ], Komagataeibacter ( Gluconacetobacter ) [ 227 ], and Zymomonas [ 228 , 229 , 230 ] genera, and those of the class Gammaproteobacteria , Pseudomonas [ 231 ], Halomonas [ 232 , 233 ], and Erwinia [ 234 ] genera, as well as Gram-positive bacteria of the class Bacilli : Bacillus [ 235 , 236 , 237 , 238 , 239 , 240 , 241 , 242 , 243 , 244 , 245 ], Paenibacillus [ 246 , 247 , 248 , 249 , 250 , 251 , 252 , 253 , 254 , 255 , 256 , 257 , 258 , 259 , 260 ], Lactobacillus [ 261 ], Leuconostoc [ 262 ] genera, etc. Currently, more than 100 bacteria species have been shown to produce levan [ 222 ].…”

“…SGD-03 produces a levan with a molecular weight of 1.0 × 10 4 Da with a maximum yield of 123.9 g/L [ 239 ]. B. paralicheniformis ND2 was isolated from the seawater of the Mediterranean Sea, Egypt, followed by screening for levan-type fructan production, which yielded 14.57 g/L [ 240 ]. Levan produced by the B. aryabhattai GYC2-3 strain had a high average molecular weight (5.317 × 10 7 Da) [ 242 ], while levan from B. licheniformis 8-37-0-1 had a low molecular weight (2.826 × 10 4 Da) [ 241 ].…”