Complementary microstructural and chemical analyses of Sepia officinalis endoskeleton

Florek, Marek; Fornal, Emilia; Gómez‐Romero, Pedro; Zięba, Emil; Paszkowicz, W.; Lekki, Janusz; Nowak, Jakub; Kuczumow, Andrzej

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2008.09.040

Cited by 67 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Our finding of increased CaCO 3 deposition specifically along the pillar walls complements micro-Raman analysis of S. officinalis cuttlebones. It has been shown that the richest aragonite areas are along the pillar walls and the poorest in the lamellae, as these are comprised of significantly more organic matrix (Florek et al 2009). Even though the general microstructure of the cuttlebone sections calcified during exposure to 615 Pa CO 2 was conserved, a greater degree of irregularity was present in the linearity and thickness of the lamellar walls and pillars, as evidenced by the high standard deviations of the measurements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phragmacone consists of 10% organic matrix, whereas the dorsal shield contains 30-40% (Birchall and Thomas 1983;Florek et al 2009). In the phragmocone, the Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2c), and as freely suspended non-calcified sheets parallel to the lamellae. The primary, non-acid-soluble constituent of the organic matrix in the cuttlebone is b-type chitin (Dauphin and Marin 1995;Florek et al 2009). While many of the acid-soluble components from the organic matrix are known in bivalve shells (Weiner 1979;Weiner and Traub 1984;Marin et al 2000;Wilt et al 2003;Marin and Luquet 2004), none have yet been specifically identified in cuttlebones (Dauphin 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cuttlebone calcification increases during exposure to elevated seawater pCO2 in the cephalopod Sepia officinalis

et al. 2010

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Changes in seawater carbonate chemistry that accompany ongoing ocean acidification have been found to affect calcification processes in many marine invertebrates. In contrast to the response of most invertebrates, calcification rates increase in the cephalopod Sepia officinalis during long-term exposure to elevated seawater pCO 2 . The present trial investigated structural changes in the cuttlebones of S. officinalis calcified during 6 weeks of exposure to 615 Pa CO 2 . Cuttlebone mass increased sevenfold over the course of the growth trail, reaching a mean value of 0.71 ± 0.15 g. Depending on cuttlefish size (mantle lengths 44-56 mm), cuttlebones of CO 2 -incubated individuals accreted 22-55% more CaCO 3 compared to controls at 64 Pa CO 2 . However, the height of the CO 2 -exposed cuttlebones was reduced. A decrease in spacing of the cuttlebone lamellae, from 384 ± 26 to 195 ± 38 lm, accounted for the height reduction The greater CaCO 3 content of the CO 2 -incubated cuttlebones can be attributed to an increase in thickness of the lamellar and pillar walls. Particularly, pillar thickness increased from 2.6 ± 0.6 to 4.9 ± 2.2 lm. Interestingly, the incorporation of non-acidsoluble organic matrix (chitin) in the cuttlebones of CO 2 -exposed individuals was reduced by 30% on average. The apparent robustness of calcification processes in S. officinalis, and other powerful ion regulators such as decapod cructaceans, during exposure to elevated pCO 2 is predicated to be closely connected to the increased extracellular [HCO 3 -] maintained by these organisms to compensate extracellular pH. The potential negative impact of increased calcification in the cuttlebone of S. officinalis is discussed with regard to its function as a lightweight and highly porous buoyancy regulation device. Further studies working with lower seawater pCO 2 values are necessary to evaluate if the observed phenomenon is of ecological relevance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phragmacone consists of 10% organic matrix, whereas the dorsal shield contains 30-40% (Birchall and Thomas 1983;Florek et al 2009). In the phragmocone, the Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cuttlebone calcification increases during exposure to elevated seawater pCO2 in the cephalopod Sepia officinalis

et al. 2010

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“…Florek et al [31] have shown that the organic part of the cuttlebone is commonly composed of b-chitin which supplies the framework for the chambered structure and was calculated to occupy 9.8% of the sample by weight. The arches contain greater amounts of aragonite, and less b-chitin than the septa [31]. Florek et al [31] also found small quantities of Na, Mg, K, Br, Fe and Sr in the cuttlebone.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Starting Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal growth of apatite by replacement of an aragonite precursor

Kasioptas

Geisler

Putnis

et al. 2010

Journal of Crystal Growth

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“…The macro-structure (1,(10)(11)(12)(13), growth mechanisms (12,14), bulk mechanical performance (1,13), and chemical composition of cuttlebone (15), as well as the role of the organic constituents in the formation of the chambers and the organization of the mineralization have been studied in detail (1,12,(14)(15)(16). However, the structure-property relationships across the identified structural units of this complex biomaterial have not yet been investigated, although they have been identified more than 180 years ago (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical-microstructural-nanomechanical variations in the structural units of the cuttlebone ofSepia officinalis

North

Labonte

Oyen

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract'Cuttlebone', the internalized shell found in all members of the cephalopod family Sepiidae, is a sophisticated buoyancy device combining high porosity with considerable strength. Using a complementary suite of characterization tools, we identified significant structural, chemical and mechanical variations across the different structural units of the cuttlebone: the dorsal shield consists of two stiff and hard layers with prismatic mineral organization which encapsulate a more ductile and compliant layer with a lamellar structure, enriched with organic matter. A similar organization is found in the lamellar matrix, which consists of individual chambers separated by septa, and supported by meandering plates ('pillars'). Like the dorsal shield, septa contain two layers with lamellar and prismatic organization, respectively, which differ significantly in their mechanical properties: layers with prismatic organization are a factor of three stiffer, and up to a factor of ten harder than those with lamellar organization. The combination of stiff and hard, and compliant and ductile components may serve to reduce the risk of catastrophic failure, and reflect the role of organic matter for the growth process of the cuttlebone. Mechanically 'weaker' units may function as sacrificial structures, ensuring a step-wise failure of the individual chambers in cases of overloading, allowing the animals to retain near-neutral buoyancy even with partially damaged cuttlebones. Our findings have implications for the structure-property-function relationship of cuttlebone, and may help to identify novel bioinspired design strategies for light-weight yet high-strength foams.

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Complementary microstructural and chemical analyses of Sepia officinalis endoskeleton

Cited by 67 publications

References 40 publications

Cuttlebone calcification increases during exposure to elevated seawater pCO2 in the cephalopod Sepia officinalis

Cuttlebone calcification increases during exposure to elevated seawater pCO2 in the cephalopod Sepia officinalis

Crystal growth of apatite by replacement of an aragonite precursor

Chemical-microstructural-nanomechanical variations in the structural units of the cuttlebone ofSepia officinalis

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