Complementary codes for odor identity and intensity in olfactory cortex

Bolding, Kevin A.; Franks, Kevin M.

doi:10.7554/elife.22630

Cited by 172 publications

(312 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Hence, the preferential weighting of early inputs occurs under different task demands, suggesting that primacy is a fundamental property of the olfactory system. Primacy may be supported by downstream computations, at the level of mitral cells (35) or piriform cortex (16,36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulating synthetic optogenetic odors reveals the coding logic of olfactory perception

Chong

Moroni

Wilson

et al. 2019

Preprint

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How does neural activity generate perception? The spatial identities and temporal latencies of activated units correlate with external sensory features, but finding the principal activity subspace that is consequential for perception, remains challenging. We trained mice to recognize synthetic odors constructed from parametrically-defined patterns of optogenetic activation, then measured perceptual changes during extensive and controlled perturbations across spatiotemporal dimensions. We modelled recognition as the matching of patterns to learned templates, finding that perceptually-meaningful templates are sequences of spatially-identified units, ordered by latencies relative to each other (with minimal effects of sniff). Within templates, individual units contribute additively, with larger contributions from earlier-activated units. Our synthetic approach reveals the fundamental logic of the olfactory code, and provides a general framework for testing links between sensory activity and perception.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulating synthetic optogenetic odors reveals the coding logic of olfactory perception

Chong

Moroni

Wilson

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Sensory systems are organized as hierarchies, consisting of multiple layers, transforming sensory signals into a sequence of distinct neural representations. Studies of high-level sensory systems, e.g., the inferotemporal cortex (IT) in vision [1], auditory cortex in audition [2], and piriform cortex in olfaction [3], reveal that even the late sensory stages exhibit significant sensitivity of neuronal responses to physical variables. This suggests that sensory hierarchies generate representations of objects that, although not entirely invariant to changes in physical features, are still readily decoded in an invariant manner by a downstream system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification and Geometry of General Perceptual Manifolds

2018

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Perceptual manifolds arise when a neural population responds to an ensemble of sensory signals associated with different physical features (e.g., orientation, pose, scale, location, and intensity) of the same perceptual object. Object recognition and discrimination require classifying the manifolds in a manner that is insensitive to variability within a manifold. How neuronal systems give rise to invariant object classification and recognition is a fundamental problem in brain theory as well as in machine learning. Here, we study the ability of a readout network to classify objects from their perceptual manifold representations. We develop a statistical mechanical theory for the linear classification of manifolds with arbitrary geometry, revealing a remarkable relation to the mathematics of conic decomposition. We show how special anchor points on the manifolds can be used to define novel geometrical measures of radius and dimension, which can explain the classification capacity for manifolds of various geometries. The general theory is demonstrated on a number of representative manifolds, including l 2 ellipsoids prototypical of strictly convex manifolds, l 1 balls representing polytopes with finite samples, and ring manifolds exhibiting nonconvex continuous structures that arise from modulating a continuous degree of freedom. The effects of label sparsity on the classification capacity of general manifolds are elucidated, displaying a universal scaling relation between label sparsity and the manifold radius. Theoretical predictions are corroborated by numerical simulations using recently developed algorithms to compute maximum margin solutions for manifold dichotomies. Our theory and its extensions provide a powerful and rich framework for applying statistical mechanics of linear classification to data arising from perceptual neuronal responses as well as to artificial deep networks trained for object recognition tasks.

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“…Within piriform cortex, the concentration‐invariant network of activated pyramidal cells encodes odorant identity whereas concentration is encoded by the temporal response profiles of pyramidal cells (Bolding & Franks, ). The spiking patterns of these pyramidal cells have two distinct peaks, one with a short latency and one with a longer latency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spiking patterns of these pyramidal cells have two distinct peaks, one with a short latency and one with a longer latency. As concentration increases, the lag between these peaks shortens (Bolding & Franks, ). Mechanistically, this may result from the integration of olfactory bulb projection neurons with distinct temporal spiking profiles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct temporal filters in mitral cells and external tufted cells of the olfactory bulb

Vaaga

Westbrook

2017

The Journal of Physiology

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Short-term synaptic plasticity is a critical regulator of neural circuits, and largely determines how information is temporally processed. In the olfactory bulb, afferent olfactory receptor neurons respond to increasing concentrations of odorants with barrages of action potentials, and their terminals have an extraordinarily high release probability. These features suggest that during naturalistic stimuli, afferent input to the olfactory bulb is subject to strong synaptic depression, presumably truncating the postsynaptic response to afferent stimuli. To examine this issue, we used single glomerular stimulation in mouse olfactory bulb slices to measure the synaptic dynamics of afferent-evoked input at physiological stimulus frequencies. In cell-attached recordings, mitral cells responded to high frequency stimulation with sustained responses, whereas external tufted cells responded transiently. Consistent with previous reports, olfactory nerve terminals onto both cell types had a high release probability (0.7), from a single pool of slowly recycling vesicles, indicating that the distinct responses of mitral and external tufted cells to high frequency stimulation did not originate presyaptically. Rather, distinct temporal response profiles in mitral cells and external tufted cells could be attributed to slow dendrodendritic responses in mitral cells, as blocking this slow current in mitral cells converted mitral cell responses to a transient response profile, typical of external tufted cells. Our results suggest that despite strong axodendritic synaptic depression, the balance of axodendritic and dendrodendritic circuitry in external tufted cells and mitral cells, respectively, tunes the postsynaptic responses to high frequency, naturalistic stimulation.

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Complementary codes for odor identity and intensity in olfactory cortex

Cited by 172 publications

References 74 publications

Manipulating synthetic optogenetic odors reveals the coding logic of olfactory perception

Manipulating synthetic optogenetic odors reveals the coding logic of olfactory perception

Classification and Geometry of General Perceptual Manifolds

Distinct temporal filters in mitral cells and external tufted cells of the olfactory bulb

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