Complement and its role in protection and pathogenesis of flavivirus infections

Avirutnan, Panisadee; Mehlhop, Erin; Diamond, Michael S.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.11.061

Cited by 56 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 215 publications

(198 reference statements)

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“…The product C3b activates C5 to proceed to the terminal pathway, generating MAC. A correlation between C3 levels and dengue disease severity has been reported (29,30,43,44). In this study, stronger activation of the classical (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Correlation between Complement Component Levels and Disease Severity in Dengue Patients in Indonesia

et al. 2013

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SUMMARY: Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a severe form of dengue fever (DF). Recent in vitro studies indicate that complement reduces the infection-enhancing activity of dengue antibodies, suggesting its in vivo role in controlling viremia levels and disease severity. In this study, the complement hemolytic activity (CH50) and levels of complement components and related factors in dengue patients in Indonesia were assessed. Based on the number of days since fever onset, DF patients were compared with patients at the DHF pre-critical phase who showed deterioration within 2 days. The mean CH50 values and levels of C2, C4, and factors B and H in the DHF pre-critical phase group were significantly lower than those in the DF group. The mean CH50 values were significantly correlated with C4, factor B, or factor H levels, indicating their responsibility for reduced CH50 values. Furthermore, a significantly higher proportion of the DHF pre-critical phase group (78z) than the DF group (33z) was positive for the nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) antigen. These results suggested that antibody-dependent enhancement of infection occurs during a period of low complement activity, which is associated with NS1 levels during the acute phase in some patients, thereby leading to increased viremia levels and greater disease severity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Correlation between Complement Component Levels and Disease Severity in Dengue Patients in Indonesia

et al. 2013

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“…Certain complement fragments such as C3a and C5a are known to enhance permeability. NS1 antigen in dengue virus has been shown to regulate complement activation and hence could play a role in the pathogenesis of DHF [12,13,[25][26][27]. Clearly immunopathogenic mechanisms are involved in plasma leakage and coagulopathy.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever and Its Impact on Case Management

Sellahewa

2013

ISRN Infectious Diseases

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Plasma leakage and intrinsic coagulopathy are the pathological hall marks in dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF). Viral virulence, infection enhancing antibodies, cytokines and chemical mediators in the setting of intense immune activation are the key players implicated in the pathogenesis of DHF; the exact nature of which is yet to be fully understood. e pathophysiological changes the attended clinical features of plasma leakage necessitate recognition of changing physiological parameters for the early recognition of plasma leakage and appropriate �uid therapy. On the other hand, the changes in the haematological indices resulting from coagulopathy can tempt the clinician to initiate other modalities of therapy. A clearer understanding of the pathogenesis of DHF and the appreciation that both of these fundamental pathological changes share common pathogenic mechanisms would facilitate the appropriateness of management decisions and the early recognition of severe disease. us, thrombocytopaenia, reduced �brinogen, and prolonged partial thromboplastin time early in the disease course connoted severe disease and attended plasma leakage rather than clinical bleeding. e detection of plasma cytokine pro�le by a multiple bead immunoassay could also complement clinical parameters in predicting severe disease early in the disease course. us, MIP-indicates good prognosis while IFN-portends severe disease.

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“…Innate immune system encompasses many different recognition and effector mechanisms including the complement. Complement is critical for innate humoral immunity, and complement components contribute to clearance of virus infections and lysis of enveloped virions and virusinfected cells [8][9][10][11]. Humoral innate immune proteins that play a role in anti-infection include pentraxins and defence collagens such as C-type lectins and ficolins [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Increased Ficolin‐2 Concentrations are Associated with Severity of Liver Inflammation and Efficacy of anti‐Viral Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients

Hu¹,

Luo

et al. 2013

Scand J Immunol

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Ficolin-2 is a kind of human serum complement lectin with a structure similar to mannan-binding lectin (MBL), and it has been implicated in innate immunity. Recent studies have shown that complement pathway activation may contribute to hepatitis. However, the relationship between ficolin-2 and viral hepatitis remains largely elusive. The aim of this study was to determine the dynamics of ficolin-2 in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Forty nine patients who had not yet received therapy [24 patients with abnormal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (>40 U/L) and 25 patients with normal ALT levels ( 40 U/L)], 28 patients with hepatitis C who received therapy for 2 weeks and 16 patients received therapy for a full month or longer were included in the study. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the ficolin-2 concentrations in all serum samples of patients and 42 healthy donors. We found the concentrations of ficolin-2 were significantly higher in chronic hepatitis C patients with abnormal ALT values than in chronic hepatitis C patients with normal ALT values and healthy controls. Ficolin-2 concentrations in chronic hepatitis C patients with abnormal ALT values were positively correlated with ALT levels (*P < 0.05). After therapy, the concentrations of ficolin-2 decreased and accompany with ALT and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA levels. Then, we found ficolin-2 concentrations in rapid viral response (RVR) group decreased significantly (*P < 0.05), while in non-RVR group, ficolin-2 decreased slightly (P > 0.05). Our findings suggest that early increased ficolin-2 is highly correlated with hepatic inflammation and rapid viral response.

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Complement and its role in protection and pathogenesis of flavivirus infections

Cited by 56 publications

References 215 publications

Correlation between Complement Component Levels and Disease Severity in Dengue Patients in Indonesia

Correlation between Complement Component Levels and Disease Severity in Dengue Patients in Indonesia

Pathogenesis of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever and Its Impact on Case Management

Early Increased Ficolin‐2 Concentrations are Associated with Severity of Liver Inflammation and Efficacy of anti‐Viral Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients

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