Abstract:This study was designed to determine the complement activation effects of carotenoid-derived aldehydes (CDA) on cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). A dose-dependent complement activation upon incubation of HUVEC with CDA was observed. Interestingly, the data showed that the alternative pathway was not activated. In addition, upon CDA treatment a significant number of apoptotic cells was also observed. The results revealed that CDA could activate the complement by way of the classical pathw… Show more
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