Complanadine B, obscurumines A and B, new alkaloids from two species of Lycopodium

New Lycopodium alkaloids from Lycopodium obscurum

“…The structures of known compounds, compared with literatures data, were identified as lycopodine, 13 anhydrolycodoline, 14 obscurinine, 9 obscurinine B, 8 lycoflexine, 15 acetyldihydrolycopodine, 16 (+)-acetylfawcettiine, 17 Ndemethyl-α-obscurine, 18 N-demethyl-β-obscurine. 19 Obscurumine C (1), colorless crystals, has a molecular formula C 16 indicated the connection of C-4/C-5/C-6.…”

“…6,7 Previously phytochemical investigation indicated triterpenoids were the main compounds of this plant and only few Lycopodium alkaloids were isolated. [8][9][10] As part of an ongoing program aimed at discovering structurally interesting and bioactive Lycopodium alkaloids, 11,12 three new Lycopodium alkaloids, obscurumines C-E (1-3), along with nine known compounds, were isolated from the whole herb of L. obscurum L. Herein, we report the isolation, structure elucidation, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity of the new isolates.…”

Morphological Evaluation of Nonlabeled Cells to Detect Stimulation of Nerve Growth Factor Expression by Lyconadin B

“…For example, researchers have reported an efficient method for the identification of NGFregulatory molecules, which resulted in the identification of CAD (5, 19-cyclo-9 beta, 10 xi-androstane-3, 17-dione), complanadin B, and lyconadin B. [16][17][18] Kikuchi et al 16 also reported the successful evaluation of PC12 cellular elongation. In both of these studies, two types of cells (1321N1 and PC12) were used in the assay.…”

“…The greatest advantage of this cell-based assay is its ability to sensitively detect NGF functionality in the 1321N1 supernatant, which can be confirmed quantitatively even in a small number of responding cells. Several studies [16][17][18] have combined reverse transcription (RT)-PCR or enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with such phenotypic outcomes. However, although these assays provide quantitative results, their results are limited to confirmation of an intermediate biological response (e.g., mRNA expression or protein production of NGF).…”

“…Our method, using human 1321N1 cells for NGF production combined with rat PC12 cells for phenotypic detection, is based on a neural outgrowth assay established in previous work. [16][17][18] For all following assays, triplicate wells were evaluated.…”