Competitiveness of Uzbek agrarian foreign trade – different regional trade blocs and the most significant trade partners

Abstract

Agriculture is one of the leading and largest economic sectors in the nation of Uzbekistan. The share of employees in the agricultural sector is 33% of the population. The annual growth rate of the agricultural sector is 1.7%, and it accounts for 18% of GDP. Agriculture provides jobs for approximately 15 million people, many of whom are part-time workers. During the years 2000-2018, the value of agrarian trade turnover increased from cc 520 million USD to 2.8 billion USD. This paper examines Uzbek foreign trade in agricultural products from the following perspectives: trade balance of Uzbekistan and international competitiveness. The intention of the paper is to determine changes in the character of agricultural trade. Changes in the product structure are identified, and individual changes are explained. The comparative advantages are analyzed according to different groups of countries (Asian countries without CIS countries, CIS without Asian countries, EU28 without other European countries, other European countries without EU and CIS countries, and developing countries). Agrarian trade competitiveness and territorial and commodity structure changes are analyzed for the last 19 years (2000-2018). The commodity structure of agricultural trade is analyzed on the basis of the standard Harmonized System. The source of information in the article is UN COMTRADE. The analysis is based on the following method and indexes: "product mapping approach" method, Herfindahl-Hirschman index,

Environmental Determinants of a Country’s Food Security in Short-Term and Long-Term Perspectives

“…Haninun, Lindrianasari, and Denziana [25] mentioned that environmental performance has an effect on financial performance. Ortikov, Smutka, and Benešován [26] reveal that increase of innovativeness and eco-friendliness might be among essential preconditions of an increase of competitiveness of Uzbekistan's agrarian foreign trade. However, Shuquan [27] empirically proved the existence of the relationship between international trade and countries' environmental performance (case of China).…”

exportaciones peruanas y el nivel de concentración de los mercados de destino periodo 2005-2019

“…Como resultado principal obtuvo una relación positiva entre la concentración de las exportaciones españolas y el desempeño de las exportaciones por país de destino. Ortikov et al (2019) analizaron el comercio exterior de Uzbekistán en productos del sector agricultura desde las perspectivas de la balanza comercial y la competitividad internacional en el periodo 2000-2018, mencionaron que la agricultura es uno de los sectores líderes y más grande del país, debido a que la proporción de empleo que genera es el 33% de la población, con una tasa de crecimiento anual de 1.7% y representa el 18% del PBI; se centraron en la competitividad comercial en relación a sus socios comerciales de los países de Asia y Europa.…”

Agricultural Competitive Potential and Competitive Position in the International Trade of Agricultural and Food Products in the European Union

“…The analyses most often use the competitive position measures such as the Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (RCA) by Balassa (Balassa and Noland, 1989;Senyshyn et al, 2019;Sarker and Shashini, 2014;Kostoska and Hristoski, 2018;Kousar et al, 2019). Most studies use a whole set of indicators for evaluating the competitive position, including for example: Export Market Share Index, Trade Coverage Index, Relative Export and Import Indicators, Export Specialization Index, Cross-Country Indices of Relative Competitiveness, Grubel-Loyd Index (Jarosz-Angowska, 2019; Maksymets, Lönnstedt, 2016;Ortikov et al, 2019;Juchniewicz and Łukiewska, 2015). This study also makes use of several indices for the evaluation of the international competitive position of EU countries, including Export Market Share Index, RCA Index, Trade Coverage Index and Grubel-Llyod Index.…”