Competitive Social Interaction between Monkeys

Warren, J. M.; Maroney, Robert

doi:10.1080/00224545.1958.9919287

Cited by 65 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Justification for the selection of particular operational measures can be argued at great length, but one still has to account for the imperfect correlations among the various measures if each is considered to be a reflection of dominance relationships -i.e., a dependent variable largely determined by dominance relationships -or a measure of dominance itself. Of course, other attributes may influence particular measures so that, for example, food preferences may influence which subject gets the food (Warren & Maroney 1958), or individual motivational states may determine outcomes (Novvlis 1941). Some investigators regard dominance, defined by any measure, as an independent variable whose influence on the other, dependent, variables is to be measured and assessed (Drickamer 1974;Estrada 1977;Haude, Graber, & Farres 1976;Keverne, Leonard, Scruton, & Young 1978;Mori 1977;Seyfarth 1976).…”

Section: Measurement and Correlationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dominance: The baby and the bathwater

1981

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The concept of dominance is used in the behavioral and biological sciences to describe outcomes in a variety of competitive interactions. In some taxa, a history of agonistic encounters among individuals modifies the course of future agonistic encounters such that the existence of a certain type of relationship can be inferred. If one is to characterize such relationships as dominance, however, then they must be distinguished from other kinds of interaction patterns for which the term tends to be used, as well as from factors such as territoriality and "trained" winners and losers, which may also influence the expression of agonistic behavior. Operational definitions based on causal, functional, evolutionary, and ontogenetic considerations have been proposed. Reliability and validity problems have been discussed, but the dominance concept has proved useful despite methodological difficulties. The confusion of dominance relationships (which involve two or more individuals) with dominance ranks (which are assigned to a single individual) has obscured the possible evolutionary basis of dominance relationships. If benefits accrue to dominant members of pairs, then those attributes which allow an animal to establish dominance can be selected. Dominance per se and dominance ranks, on the other hand, cannot be genetically transmitted since they constitute relationships with other individuals rather than absolute attributes. Dominance rankings in particular may be useful for describing behavioral patterns within a group, but they may reflect our own ability to count rather than any important variable in social organization.

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Section: Measurement and Correlationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dominance: The baby and the bathwater

1981

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“…Intercorrelations among agonistic measures (Rowell 1966) and other measures (Richards 1974) reveal considerable variability. No attempt will be made to review all of the literature and the problems involved here, but correlations have been reported among measures of: agonistic exchanges, food and water prioity, shock avoidance, operant rates, grooming, sexual responses, supplanting, and similar patterns, although these correlations are often in contradiction with one another (Anderson & Mason 1978;Angst 1975;Bartlett & Meier 1971;Bernstein 1970;Buirski, Kellerman, Plutchik, Weininger, & Buirski 1973;Bunnell, Kenshalo, Allen, Manning, & Sodetz 1979;Casey & Clark 1976;Chalmers & Rowell 1971;Chickering 1976;Christopher 1972;Clark & Nakashima 1972;Clark & Dillon 1973;Clark & Gay 1978;Green, Whalen, Rutley, & Battie 1972;Hamilton 1960;Hanby 1975;Kaufmann 1967;Leonard 1979;Miller & Banks 1962;Novvlis 1941;Packer 1979;Smith, Harris, & Strayer 1977;Stammbach 1978;Warren & Maroney 1958). Some investigators have reported certain measures reliable; others have denied the reliability of the same measures.…”

Section: Measurement and Correlationmentioning

confidence: 81%

The concept of dominance also has problems in studies on rodents

Brain

1981

Behav Brain Sci

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“…Dominance, then, emerges as a broad functional term and it may be fallacious to assume cross-species consistency in the formation of social dominance. A prcmature tendency to generalize is evident in UYENO and WHITE (1968), who found sex dominance to be unrelated in the laboratory rat, and considered thcir results "consistent with" those of WARREN and MARONEY (1958) for rhesus monkeys, and attempred to explain away thc differcnccs between their results and those of MUSTE and SHARPE (1947) for humans.…”

Section: The Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%