Competitive interactions with dominant carnivores affect carrion acquisition of striped hyena in a semi-arid landscape of Rajasthan, India

Panda, Debashish; Mohanty, S. R.; Allen, Maximilian L.; Dheer, Arjun; Sharma, A.; Pandey, Puneet; Lee, Hang; Singh, Randeep

doi:10.1007/s13364-022-00663-1

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…These findings support the theory that lions, like other large predators e.g. tigers, establish a landscape of fear in the proximity of carcasses (Curveira‐Santos et al., 2021 ; Panda et al., 2023 ; Ramesh et al., 2017 ), although jackals had high co‐detection rates, they were rarely detected with lions in comparison to other species. In all instances, elephant carcasses became available when other natural prey was less abundant (prior to the lambing season for prey species such as impala, Aepceros melampus , and springbok, Antidorcus marsupialus ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…These findings support the theory that lions, like other large predators e.g. tigers, establish a landscape of fear in the proximity of carcasses(Curveira-Santos et al, 2021;Panda et al, 2023;Ramesh et al, 2017), although jackals had high co-detection rates, they were rarely detected with lions in comparison to other species. In all F I G U R E 4 An example of camera trap images at elephant carcasses in Madikwe.…”

supporting

confidence: 84%

“…Suppression of subordinate carnivores at carcasses has been observed in previous studies investigating carcass access and interactions (Allen et al., 2015; Bell et al., 2023; Panda et al., 2023). Our results show that these dynamics are further influenced by the diversity of species occurring in the area, as this is the first study to assess carcass use in an area with an intact carnivore guild.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Suppression of subordinate carnivores at carcasses has been observed in previous studies investigating carcass access and interactions (Allen et al, 2015;Bell et al, 2023;Panda et al, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Panda et al. ( 2023 ) found similar results for solitary carnivores in India, with striped hyaena ( Hyaena hyaena ) having reduced levels of carrion acquisition in the presence of group‐feeding carnivores such as golden jackals, Canis aureus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

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Lion lords and sharing hyaenas: Carnivore guild dynamics around elephant carcasses

Honiball,

Davis,

Ntlokwana

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Megaherbivore carcasses represent sporadic but energetically rewarding resources for carnivores, offering a unique opportunity to study coexistence dynamics between facultative scavengers. South African fenced protected areas, such as Madikwe Game Reserve (Madikwe hereafter), host viable populations of large carnivores and high densities of elephants, Loxodonta africana. However, high carnivore densities can lead to potentially fatal interspecific encounters and increased competition, particularly around high‐quality trophic resources. This study explores the temporal partitioning and co‐detection strategies of carnivores at six elephant carcasses in Madikwe, aiming to understand how the increased carrion biomass available at elephant carcasses influences coexistence dynamics. Camera traps were deployed to monitor carcasses during two periods (2019 and 2020), revealing occurrences of six carnivore species. Carnivores, particularly black‐backed jackals, Lupulella mesomelas, (hereafter jackal), lions, Panthera leo, and spotted hyaenas, Crocuta crocuta, comprised 56.7% of carcass observations, highlighting their pivotal roles in scavenging dynamics. Pairwise co‐detection analysis demonstrated consistent association and shared peak activity periods between jackals and spotted hyaenas, indicating potential resource sharing. However, the minimal co‐detection rates between lions and other carnivores highlight their resource domination. There was some evidence of temporal partitioning between carnivores, with most species exhibiting earlier peaks in nocturnal activity to avoid temporal overlap with lions. This study emphasises the importance of elephant carcasses in the diet of multiple species and coexistence techniques utilised to exploit this ephemeral resource. As fenced protected areas become crucial for conserving intact carnivore guilds globally, further research into carnivore behavioural adaptations at carcasses is recommended to shed light on their coexistence strategies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

supporting

confidence: 84%