Competitive exclusion of <i>Elymus athericus</i> from a high‐stress habitat in a European salt marsh

Bockelmann, Anna‐Christina; Neuhaus, R.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2745.1999.00368.x

Cited by 108 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…Supporting our findings, E. repens was reported as the worst worldwide weed (Melderis, 1980;Tsvelev, 1984) because of its wide phenotypic plasticity (Taylor and Aarssen, 1988). It was also reported that Elymus species are characterized as nitrophilous (Bockelmann and Neuhaus, 1999) with an increase in artificial atmospheric nitrogen depositions (Bakker et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Mapping and analyzing the spatial distribution of thetribe Triticeae Dumort. (Poaceae) in Turkey

Doğan¹,

Cabi²,

Doğan³

2017

Turk J Bot

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Triticeae Dumort. (Poaceae), or true grasses, the fifth-largest plant family in the world, are of great importance in terms of human life and civilization. Therefore, understanding the spatial distribution of the family members is important for botanists, plant producers, and breeders. Turkey is one of two gene centers of this family. In this study, the spatial distribution of Triticeae in Turkey was mapped in geographic information systems (GIS) by utilizing a large number of specimens collected from 1006 georeferenced sampling sites between 2004 and 2010. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was carried out in order to understand the spatial distribution of determined taxa. Environmental data for CCA were extracted from the available environmental raster map layers of Turkey. We identified and mapped a total of 76 species including 42 annuals and 34 perennials. CCA indicated that 6 environmental variables, namely potential evapotranspiration, elevation, distance to seas, maximum temperature, slope, and longitude, are the most effective in explaining the spatial distribution of the 12 annual species. However, the 6 environmental variables potential evapotranspiration, water vapor pressure, latitude, longitude, distance to seas, and sunshine fraction were the most effective in explaining the spatial distribution of the 20 perennial species. Aegilops triuncialis L. subsp triuncialis (annual) and Hordeum bulbosum L. (perennial) were the most abundant and widespread taxa, while Aegilops juvenalis (Thell.) Eig (annual) and Elymus libanoticus (Hack.) Melderis (perennial) were the scarcest and most rarely distributed species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Mapping and analyzing the spatial distribution of thetribe Triticeae Dumort. (Poaceae) in Turkey

Doğan¹,

Cabi²,

Doğan³

2017

Turk J Bot

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“…While experimental studies do not allow generalizations about the maintenance of plant zonation in mangroves (Ellison and Farnsworth 2001), there is evidence of strong eVects of herbivores (Smith 1987;Clarke and Kerrigan 2002), abiotic stress (Clarke and Myerscough 1993;Castañeda-Moya et al 2006) and nutrient availability (Feller et al 2003). In salt marshes, interspeciWc competition generally controls the upper intertidal limits of plants (Bertness and Leonard 1997), abiotic stress generally controls the lower zonation limits of plants (Bertness 1991b;Castillo et al 2000, but see Bockelmann andNeuhaus 1999), while nutrients, by aVecting competition, modify boundaries between species (Levine et al 1998;Daleo et al 2008). Herbivores can modify marsh species distributions (Bertness 1984;Silliman et al 2005), but there is little evidence that they control zonation patterns (but see Furbish and Albano 1994).…”

Section: Electronic Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abiotic stress mediates top-down and bottom-up control in a Southwestern Atlantic salt marsh

et al. 2009

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Increasing evidence has shown that nutrients and consumers interact to control primary productivity in natural systems, but how abiotic stress affects this interaction is unclear. Moreover, while herbivores can strongly impact zonation patterns in a variety of systems, there are few examples of this in salt marshes. We evaluated the effect of nutrients and herbivores on the productivity and distribution of the cordgrass Spartina densiflora along an intertidal stress gradient, in a Southwestern Atlantic salt marsh. We characterized abiotic stresses (salinity, ammonium concentration, and anoxia) and manipulated nutrients and the presence of the herbivorous crab Neohelice (Chasmagnathus) granulata, at different tidal heights with a factorial experiment. Abiotic stress increased at both ends of the tidal gradient. Salinity and anoxia were highest at the upper and lower edge of the intertidal, respectively. Nutrients and herbivory interacted to control cordgrass biomass, but their relative importance varied with environmental context. Herbivory increased at lower tidal heights to the point that cordgrass transplants onto bare mud substrate were entirely consumed unless crabs were excluded, while nutrients were most important where abiotic stress was reduced. Our results show how the impact of herbivores and nutrients on plant productivity can be dependent on environmental conditions and that the lower intertidal limits of marsh plants can be controlled by herbivory.

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“…The impacts of herbivores on salt marsheseestuarine coastal systems are quite well known (Kiehl et al, 1996;Laffaille et al, 2000b;Lefeuvre et al, 2000). However, one recent and important impact on coastal wetland is that of invasive plants such as Elymus athericus (Bockelmann and Neuhaus, 1999) and Spartina spp. (Callaway and Josselyn, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This long-term survey has highlighted radical changes of the vegetation cover in the salt marsh due to a rapid invasion by Elymus athericus (Z Elytrigia atherica). Formerly confined to the high marsh, this native species is progressively invading the middle and low salt marshes where it often forms a dense monospecific stand (Van Wijnen and Bakker, 1997;Bockelmann and Neuhaus, 1999;Bouchard et al, 2003). In some areas of the Mont-SaintMichel Bay, this species has progressively extended its area threefold in only 10 years and has replaced the middle marsh Atriplex portulacoides communities (Valéry et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does the invasive plant Elymus athericus modify fish diet in tidal salt marshes?

Laffaille

Pétillon

Parlier

et al. 2005

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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International audienceThe invasion of Mont-Saint-Michel Bay salt marshes (France) by a grass species (Elymus athericus) has led to important changes in vegetation cover, which is likely to modify the habitat for many invertebrates. Some of them constitute the main food items for several fish species, such as young sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and sand goby (Pomatoschistus minutus), that feed in salt marsh creeks during high tides. As a result, fish nursery functions of salt marshes could be modified by the E. athericus invasion. In order to test this hypothesis, gut contents of the two most abundant fish species (sea bass and sand goby) were compared before and after E. athericus invasion in the same salt marsh creek and using the same methodology. The accessibility and availability of the main food item, the semi-terrestrial amphipod Orchestia gammarella, were estimated and compared between invaded (dominated by E. athericus) and original areas (dominated by Atriplex portulacoides). Gut content analysis showed a significantly greater percentage of fish leaving with empty guts from E. athericus areas than from A. portulacoides areas. The sea bass diet composition study showed a major shift in the relative importance of the main food items: before E. athericus invasion, diets were dominated by the semi-terrestrial species O. gammarella, whereas after the E. athericus invasion they were dominated by a marine mysid Neomysis integer. The same trend was found for sand gobies, with a shift of the main food item from O. gammarella before invasion to the polychaete Hediste diversicolor after invasion. These trophic changes may be explained by the lower accessibility and availability of O. gammarella in invaded communities than in natural ones. The E. athericus invasion, observed throughout northern Europe, is thus likely to disturb trophic function of natural salt marshes for fish. This preliminary study of the E. athericus invasion is also an illustration that invasive species are an urgent problem in conservation biology

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Competitive exclusion of Elymus athericus from a high‐stress habitat in a European salt marsh

Cited by 108 publications

References 57 publications

Mapping and analyzing the spatial distribution of thetribe Triticeae Dumort. (Poaceae) in Turkey

Mapping and analyzing the spatial distribution of thetribe Triticeae Dumort. (Poaceae) in Turkey

Abiotic stress mediates top-down and bottom-up control in a Southwestern Atlantic salt marsh

Does the invasive plant Elymus athericus modify fish diet in tidal salt marshes?

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