Competitive Displacement of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by Chilo partellus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Kfir, Rami

doi:10.1093/aesa/90.5.619

Cited by 96 publications

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“…This prediction is not verified in our data, as this species was present in relatively high altitude zones (moist high and moist mid altitude zones) known to have low temperature regimes. Similarly, Kfir (1997) found C. partellus colonising areas known to have harsh winter conditions in South Africa. Successful establishment of C. partellus in areas originally colonised by other indigenous stem borer species can be attributed to the plasticity of its biology that gives it an advantage over the indigenous species (Ofomata et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Distribution, pest status and agro-climatic preferences of lepidopteran stem borers of maize in Kenya

Ong’amo

Rü

Dupas

et al. 2006

Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.)

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Abstract. Lepidopterous stem borers are the main field insect pests that attack maize, Zea mays L. in tropical Africa. A survey was carried during the long and short rain cropping seasons of 2002 / 2003 across six main agro-climatic zones (ACZs) to determine the spatial distribution of important stem borer species in Kenya. A total of 474 visits were made in the seventy-eight localities conveniently chosen to represent each of the six ACZs. 189,600 stems were checked for infestation, of which 27,799 infested stems were destructively cut and dissected for stem borer larvae identification. An average of 1.4 stem borer larvae were recovered per infested plant. 54.5% of the recovered larvae were identified as Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Crambidae), 39.7% as Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Noctuidae), 4.5% as Sesamia calamistis Hampson (Noctuidae) and 0.8% as Chilo orichalcociliellus (Strand) (Crambidae). Minor species present included Eldana saccharina Walker (Pyralidae), Sesamia nonagrioides (Lefebvre) (Noctuidae), Sesamia cretica Lederer (Noctuidae), Sesamia sp. (Noctuidae), Sciomesa piscator Fletcher (Noctuidae), Busseola sp near phaia (Noctuidae), Chilo sp, Ematheudes sp 1 (Pyralidae) and Ematheudes sp 2 (Pyralidae). Farms were grouped into respective ACZs for statistical analysis and subsequent comparison of dominant species. Results indicated that B. fusca was the dominant stem borer species in high potential zones (highland tropics, moist transitional zone and moist midaltitude) while the exotic C. partellus dominated smallholder farms in low potential zones (dry midaltitude, dry transional and lowland tropical zone). Within each ACZs, there was evidence of variation in species proportions between seasons. These spatio-temporal differences in community structure are discussed in terms of agro-climatic biological adaptations.Résumé. Distribution, ravages et préférences agro-climatiques des lépidoptères foreurs de tige du maïs au Kenya. Une enquête a été menée dans les 6 principales régions agro-écologiques du Kenya, pendant les longues et courtes saisons des pluies de 2002/2003, afin de déterminer la distribution spatiale des lépidoptères foreurs de graminées attaquant le maïs Zea mays L. Un total de 474 échantillonnages a été réalisé dans les 78 localités représentatives des six régions agroécologiques. On a vérifié l'infestation de 189,600 tiges et les 27799 tiges infestées ont été récoltées et disséquées afin d'identifier les foreurs. En moyenne, 1,4 larves de foreur ont été trouvées par plante infestée; 54,5% des larves récoltées étaient des Chilo partellus Swinhoe (Crambidae), 39,7% des Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Noctuidae), 4,5% des Sesamia calamistis Hampson (Noctuidae) et 0,8% des Chilo orichalcociliellus Strand (Crambidae). Des espèces peu importantes ont également été trouvées telles que Eldana saccharina Walker (Pyralidae), Sesamia nonagrioides Lefebvre (Noctuidae), Sesamia cretica Lederer (Noctuidae), Sesamia sp. (Noctuidae), Sciomesa piscator Fletcher (Noctuidae), Busseola sp near phaia (Noctuidae), Chilo s...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Distribution, pest status and agro-climatic preferences of lepidopteran stem borers of maize in Kenya

Ong’amo

Rü

Dupas

et al. 2006

Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.)

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“…However, in the same area in the period 1996-1998, B. fusca was rare and C. partellus was dominant (183). Similarly, in the eastern Highveld region of South Africa, C. partellus partially displaced B. fusca over a period of seven years (92). The displacement was most evident in grain sorghum where the proportion of C. partellus in the total stem borer population increased from about 3% in 1986 to 91% in 1992.…”

Section: Displacement Of Native Stem Borers By C Partellusmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The invasive stem borer, C. partellus, has proved to be a highly competitive colonizer in many of the areas it has invaded in eastern and southern Africa, often becoming the most injurious stem borer (93,163) and displacing native species (92,141). In coastal Kenya, there is evidence that C. partellus has partially displaced the indigenous stem borer, C. orichalcociliellus (130)(131)(132)141).…”

Section: Displacement Of Native Stem Borers By C Partellusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C. partellus completes a generation in less time than C. orichalcociliellus (101,131), which may result in a higher population growth rate. Moreover, C. partellus terminates diapause more rapidly than C. orichalcociliellus (130) or B. fusca (92), which may allow C. partellus to colonize host plants before the two native species at the beginning of growing seasons. Kfir (92) speculated that B. fusca avoids plants already infested by C. partellus, using odors associated with host plant feeding.…”

Section: Displacement Of Native Stem Borers By C Partellusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biology and Management of Economically Important Lepidopteran Cereal Stem Borers in Africa

Kfir

Overholt

Khan

et al. 2002

Annu. Rev. Entomol.

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358

302

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▪ Abstract Cereals (maize, sorghum, millet, rice) are extremely important crops grown in Africa for human consumption. Of the various insect pests attacking cereal crops in Africa, lepidopteran stem borers are by far the most injurious. All 21 economically important stem borers of cultivated grasses in Africa are indigenous except Chilo partellus, which invaded the continent from India, and C. sacchariphagus, which has recently been found in sugarcane in Mozambique. C. partellus is competitively displacing indigenous stem borers in East and southern Africa. A parasitoid, Cotesia flavipes, was introduced from Pakistan for biological control of C. partellus and caused a 32–55% decrease in stem borer densities. This article is an attempt to summarize the status of knowledge about economically important cereal stem borers in Africa with emphasis on their distribution, pest status and yield losses, diapause, natural enemies, cultural control, host plant resistance, and biological control. Special attention is given to Busseola fusca and C. partellus, the most important pests of maize and grain sorghum.

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“…The mechanisms by which T. orichalcea dominates on common plant hosts such as soybeans are unknown. As their combined larval densities rarely reached damage thresholds, resource pre-emption or resource depletion, as described by Reitz & Trumble (2002) in the displacement of Busseola fusca by Chilo partellus (Kfir 1997), have not been detected in our studies of the interaction of the plusiine species in New Zealand.…”

Section: Light Trappingmentioning

confidence: 52%

Interaction of a newly established immigrant, soybean looperThysanoplusia orichalceaand the indigenous green looperChrysodeixis eriosoma(Plusiinae: Noctuidae) in New Zealand

Cameron¹,

Walker

Winkler

et al. 2008

New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science

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Soybean looper Thysanoplusia orichalcea (Plusiinae: Noctuidae) moths were first intercepted in New Zealand in 1984 by light trapping that was being used as a surveillance tool for new lepidopteran pests; in particular, noctuid species from Australia. This prompted studies on larval infestations to separate the impact of T. orichalcea caterpillars from that of the closely related indigenous green looper, Chrysodeixis eriosoma. Subsequent studies described here show that the establishment phase took place over c. 3 years and that, rather than replacing the resident green looper, soybean looper added to the population density of plusiine caterpillars in several field crops, especially lucerne, parsley, soybeans, brassicas, and lettuce.

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Competitive Displacement of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by Chilo partellus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Cited by 96 publications

References 0 publications

Distribution, pest status and agro-climatic preferences of lepidopteran stem borers of maize in Kenya

Distribution, pest status and agro-climatic preferences of lepidopteran stem borers of maize in Kenya

Biology and Management of Economically Important Lepidopteran Cereal Stem Borers in Africa

Interaction of a newly established immigrant, soybean looperThysanoplusia orichalceaand the indigenous green looperChrysodeixis eriosoma(Plusiinae: Noctuidae) in New Zealand

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