Competitive ability of weedy rice: toward breeding weed-suppressive rice cultivars

Shrestha, Swati; Sharma, Gourav; Roma‐Burgos, Nilda; Tseng, Te‐Ming

doi:10.1080/15427528.2020.1733158

Cited by 13 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Further, this points to the potential opportunities for breeding more competitive faba bean cultivars suited to the northern environment. With the increasing reports of herbicide-resistant weed populations and potential impacts of herbicides on human health and environment, interest in breeding weed suppressive cultivars of crops is growing among research groups worldwide [24,36], with some commercial weed suppressive cultivars of crops (e.g., rice) available in the market [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Evaluation of Growth Characteristics of Faba Bean Cultivars

Shabbir

Widderick²,

Walsh

2021

Agronomy

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Resistance to herbicides and the lack of new herbicide options have led researchers to explore alternate methods to manage weed populations in large-scale cropping systems. Crop competition is an effective weed management approach that can reduce the pressure on herbicides. Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is an important winter legume crop in Australia. Crop traits such as, height, biomass, growth rate, tillering capacity, leaf area, and root growth have been suggested as indicators of the competitive ability of crops against weeds. Based on pot studies at Narrabri and Toowoomba, we assessed the growth traits (biomass, height, leaf area, relative growth rate, and branch number) of six faba bean cultivars and ranked them for their potential ability to compete with weeds. PBA Marne and PBA Zahra were identified as highly competitive faba bean cultivars based on their higher overall ranking score achieved at both locations. PBA Nasma and PBA Samira were ranked highly and moderately competitive at Narrabri and Toowoomba sites, respectively. At Narrabri, PBA Nanu was ranked poorly competitive based on its lower biomass, height, and leaf area than the other cultivars. The weed suppressive ability of these cultivars needs to be assessed in the presence of weeds under field conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Evaluation of Growth Characteristics of Faba Bean Cultivars

Shabbir

Widderick²,

Walsh

2021

Agronomy

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“…From Shrestha et al [22], seeds of the five most barnyardgrass-suppressive (B81, S94, B2, B8, B14) and four least barnyardgrass-suppressive (B34, B83, S97, 84) weedy rice accession were selected. Cultivated rice lines Rex, Rondo, PI312777, CL163, and PI388046 were also included in this study for comparison.…”

Section: Plant Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted that Rex and CL163 had only one replication in this study due to germination delays and were, therefore, excluded from the biotype groupings analysis. Weedy rice was characterized as allelopathic or non-allelopathic based on data from a screening performed in a prior study [22]. Allelopathic weedy rice consisted of accessions B84, S94, B81, and B2 with moderate to high barnyardgrass suppression, while non-allelopathic accessions were S97, B83, B8, B14, and B34 with low barnyardgrass suppression.…”

Section: Root Length and Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotyping of Weedy Rice to Assess Root Characteristics Associated with Allelopathy

Schumaker¹,

Stallworth²,

Tucker³

et al. 2021

AJPS

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Weedy rice is a species of Oryza, and is a wild relative of cultivated rice. The weed possesses unique hardiness that allows them to thrive in dynamic and stressful environments. These characteristics suggest that weedy rice is a stored source of novel genes for competitive traits. One such trait is allelopathy, where a species releases secondary metabolites that suppress the growth and development of neighboring species. Weed competition is a limiting factor in rice production systems; therefore, it is critical to identify specific allelopathic weedy rice accessions to determine the genetic pathways and mechanisms associated with allelopathy to be used in breeding programs. Due to the complex nature of allelochemical production and the lack of knowledge of allelopathy mechanisms in weedy rice, phenotypic traits, particularly root traits, can be used to overcome this limitation and serve as target characteristics for breeding weed suppressive rice varieties. Five weedy rice accessions were chosen from preliminary screenings of larger sample sizes with the ability to suppress barnyardgrass weed seedling growth. Another five weedy rice with low barnyardgrass suppression was selected for the current root phenotypic study. Five cultivated rice lines were used as a comparison. All plants were propagated in a transparent germination pouch for four weeks. Roots were scanned and analyzed for root length and area covered. No differences were found in the seedling root area among weedy rice and rice accessions; however, allelopathic weedy rice plants exhibited a 14% increase in root length than non-allelopathic weedy rice plants. The allelopathic weedy rice accession B2 possessed the most extended root system (22.4 cm root length). The highly allelopathic weedy rice accessions (including B2) screened and phenotyped in this study are ideal candidates for identifying the genetic controls of early root length, a possible trait contributing to underground allelopathic production and competitive advantage.

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“…Many populations have long and hispid awns that can adhere to the fur of domestic and wild animals and to human clothes, which helps their dispersal in different environments [11]. Awned populations are more competitive than awnless populations, and higher competitiveness has been demonstrated by blackhull populations than strawhull ones, together with a higher suppressive ability against other weeds [58]. Moreover, the greater morphological and physiological variability of awned populations than awnless ones can make them more adaptable to changing environmental conditions [25].…”

Section: Hull Coloration and Awn Presencementioning

confidence: 99%

How Can Weedy Rice Stand against Abiotic Stresses? A Review

2020

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Weedy rice is one of the most common weeds in rice cultivation in many rice areas throughout the world and it is able to cause significant yield reductions. Weedy rice is characterized by a high biological diversity that permits different populations to be identified on the basis of their morphological and physiological traits. This variability contributes to its success in different environments and allows different abiotic stresses, which are intensified by climate change, to be faced. Taller plants, enhanced tillering, seed shattering and the presence of red pericarp, variable hull coloration and awn morphology, linked to a deeper seed dormancy, are some of the traits that help weedy rice to spread in changing environments. The higher phenotypic plasticity and genetic variability of weedy rice make it more able to cope with temperature variations, intermittent water availability, soil salinity, drought conditions and increased CO2 concentrations than cultivated rice. As these abiotic stresses will become more frequent in the future, weedy rice competitiveness may be higher, with a spread of infestations. Thus, the control of weedy rice should be based on an integration of different preventive and agronomic techniques, a sensible use of herbicides and the use of suitable rice varieties.

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Competitive ability of weedy rice: toward breeding weed-suppressive rice cultivars

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

An Evaluation of Growth Characteristics of Faba Bean Cultivars

An Evaluation of Growth Characteristics of Faba Bean Cultivars

Phenotyping of Weedy Rice to Assess Root Characteristics Associated with Allelopathy

How Can Weedy Rice Stand against Abiotic Stresses? A Review

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