Competition in the Family: Inequality between Siblings and the Intergenerational Transmission of Educational Advantage

Grätz, Michael

doi:10.15195/v5.a11

Cited by 37 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(108 reference statements)

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“…With respect to variation in educational mobility across social groups, we found no evidence that sibling similarity in education varies by family socioeconomic background. Our findings are in line with previous research which found no such differences in Germany (Grätz 2018) and the United States (Conley 2008;Conley and Glauber 2008;Conley et al 2007). We replicate and expand these findings to a plurality of educational outcomes (cognitive skills, school grades, and final educational attainment) and societies (Finland, Germany, Norway, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Evidence on the variation of sibling similarity by family socioeconomic background is mixed and results are so far limited to two countries. Previous research analyzing the variation of sibling 9 similarity between social groups in the United States (Conley 2008;Conley and Glauber 2008;Conley et al 2007) and Germany (Grätz 2018) found no variation in sibling similarity by family socioeconomic background with respect to cognitive skills and educational attainment. However, Conley and Glauber (2008) found higher levels of sibling resemblance in earnings and household income in the United States for siblings from socioeconomically advantaged families compared with siblings from socioeconomically disadvantaged families.…”

Section: Variation Of Universal Family Background Effects Across Socimentioning

confidence: 87%

“…This approach is motivated by the idea that siblings share the same family and immediate environment and that the similarity of siblings can capture, therefore, the universal influence of family background on children's educational outcomes. 6 A number of studies estimated educational mobility using sibling correlations and data on Australia, several European countries, and the United States (Anger and Schnitzlein 2017;Benin and Johnson 1984;Björklund and Jännti 2012;Björklund and Salvanes 2011;Conley 2008;Conley and Glauber 2008;Conley, Pfeiffer, and Velez 2007;de Graaf and Huinink 1992;Duncan, Boisjoly, and Harris 2001;Grätz 2018;Hauser and Mossel 1985;Hauser and Wong 1989;Jencks et al 1972Jencks et al , 1979Kuo and Hauser 1995;Marks and Mooi-Reci 2016;Mazumder 2008;Nicoletti and Rabe 2013;Olneck 1977;Schnitzlein 2014;de Graaf 2001, 2003;Sieben, Huinink, and de Graaf 2001;Teachman 1995;Toka and Dronkers 1996).…”

Section: Using Sibling Similarity To Measure Universal Family Backgromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, a further concern with regard to sibling correlations is that siblings may have different experiences within the family. For instance, evidence from family fixed-effects models 7 demonstrates that birth order differences lead to inequality in educational outcomes between siblings (Black, Devereux, and Salvanes 2005;Conley et al 2007;Grätz 2018;Härkönen 2014).…”

Section: Using Sibling Similarity To Measure Universal Family Backgromentioning

confidence: 99%

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Universal family background effects on education across and within societies

Grätz¹,

Barclay²,

Wiborg³

et al. 2019

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The extent to which siblings resemble each other measures the total impact of family background in shaping life outcomes. We study sibling similarity in cognitive skills, school grades, and educational attainment in Finland, Germany, Norway, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. We also compare sibling similarity by parental education and occupation within these societies. The comparison of sibling correlations across and within societies allows us to characterize the omnibus impact of family background on education across social landscapes. We find similar levels of sibling similarity across social groups. Across countries, we find only small differences. In addition, rankings of countries in sibling resemblance differ across the three educational outcomes we study. We conclude that sibling similarity is largely similar across advanced, industrialized countries and across social groups within societies contrary to theories that suggest large cross-national differences and variation of educational mobility across social groups within societies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Variation Of Universal Family Background Effects Across Socimentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Using Sibling Similarity To Measure Universal Family Backgromentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Using Sibling Similarity To Measure Universal Family Backgromentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Universal family background effects on education across and within societies

Grätz¹,

Barclay²,

Wiborg³

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We should state that respondents of the study were the Netherlands born between 1918 and 1974; therefore, the conclusions may not be fully sociologically relevant. The significance of birth order for a school success was researched also by Grätz (2018) in Germany. The author found that the presumed negative impact of birth order (as well as maternal age) on education is specific for socioeconomically disadvantaged families.…”

Section: Full Research Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Role of Siblings in Perception of Academic Self-Efficacy and Social Support

2019

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An educational efficiency of an individual is strongly and bidirectionally connected with his/her self-perception determined by the unique family system and overall sense of social well-being. The role of parents is obvious and both theoretically and empirically well-researched. Nevertheless, academic self-efficacy may be significantly affected also by siblings, whose role is neglected by theory and research. Our research deals with various specifics of siblings' constellations and their impact on selected dimensions of academic self-efficacy (perception of school success, efficiency, educational dispositions, and ambitions). Our findings proved differences in all observed categories (gender, family order, age-distance) and indicate relative better academic self-efficacy (compared with a sibling) by females and respondents with a brother. Similarly, higher level of academic self-efficacy was detected by older siblings and respondents with a longer age-distance between them and their siblings. Moreover, the research points out the siblings-related specifics of social support perceived from a family. Conclusions are applicable in educational theory as well as in praxis of educational counselling with an intention to support equal opportunities in education and professional development.

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Social inequalities in attaining higher education in Scotland: New evidence from sibling data

Duta

Iannelli

Breen

2021

British Educational Res J

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Over the last decades, various policies at national and local levels have been implemented to widen participation in higher education (HE) in Scotland and more widely in the UK. Despite this, the acquisition of a HE qualification is still largely determined by the family in which individuals are born. Our study provides new evidence on the extent to which family factors matter by examining sibling data from the Scottish Longitudinal Study, a large-scale linkage study created using data from administrative and statistical sources. Random effects linear probability models are used to analyse individual and family-level variance in the chances of obtaining a HE qualification. Our results show that about 40% of the variation in the chances of attaining a university degree is explained by siblings' shared family characteristics and about a third of this share is explained by parental social class, education and housing tenure. A high degree of sibling similarity in the outcome was found across all social-origin classes. However, while siblings of advantaged families are alike because they both graduated from HE, siblings of disadvantaged families are alike because neither of them did. We suggest that parental compensatory strategies in the former families and economic constraints in the latter families may explain such stark patterns of inequality. Finally, we do not find evidence that the availability of sub-degrees makes a difference to these patterns.

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Competition in the Family: Inequality between Siblings and the Intergenerational Transmission of Educational Advantage

Cited by 37 publications

References 60 publications

Universal family background effects on education across and within societies

Universal family background effects on education across and within societies

A Role of Siblings in Perception of Academic Self-Efficacy and Social Support

Social inequalities in attaining higher education in Scotland: New evidence from sibling data

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