Competition for Pollinators between Simultaneously Flowering Species

Levin, Donald A.; Anderson, Wyatt W.

doi:10.1086/282680

Cited by 386 publications

(310 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…How could such flowering time differences evolve? Because P. media is wind-pollinated, flowering time differences cannot be explained by competition for insect pollinators as has been suggested by Levin & Anderson (1970). Because P. media is strictly outcrossing due to self-incompatibility, the hybridization handicap might be severe and differences in flowering time might have evolved due to reproductive interactions between cyto-*Correspondence: Department of Plant Population Biology, Netherlands Institute for Ecological Research, P0 Box 40, NL-6666 ZG, Heteren, The Netherlands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Simulations of flowering time displacement between two cytotypes that form inviable hybrids

Dijk

Bijlsma

1994

Heredity

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The evolution of reproductive isolation by flowering time displacement between two cytotypes that produce inviable hybrids was studied by computer simulations in an isolation-by-distance model. Flowering time distribution was stabilized by mass-action, both by the mating procedure and by pollen-limited seed-production in early or late flowering plants. Coexistence had to last long enough for flowering time divergence to evolve. This could only be achieved in a mosaic of local patches or parapatry. The model showed that flowering time displacement occurred despite the stabilizing effect of mass-action and the restricted width of the interaction zone. Initially an inverse dine for flowering time was formed but after 200 generations this dine had become monotonic. In contrast to the possible swamping effect by gene flow from outside the zone, there was a spread of genes into the allopatric ranges.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Simulations of flowering time displacement between two cytotypes that form inviable hybrids

Dijk

Bijlsma

1994

Heredity

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“…These contrasting results show that life history traits and ecological factors other than spatial distribution and pollinator species modulate pollen dispersal. Many aspects of the pollination system such as nectar and pollen presentation may affect pollinator movement within and among flowering plants, and thus the distance of pollen dispersal (Levin and Anderson, 1970;Schmitt, 1980). Despite variation between flowering seasons, effective neighborhood pollination area and effective population size were higher than the number of individuals and the area sampled.…”

Section: Ac Braga and Rg Collevattimentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variation in pollen dispersal and breeding structure in a bee-pollinated Neotropical tree

Braga

Collevatti

2010

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Variation among flowering seasons in the time of flowering, synchrony and length of flowering, and fluctuations in the abundance of pollinators may cause a variation in pollen dispersal distance. In this study, we analyzed the temporal variation in pollen dispersal and breeding structure in the Neotropical tree species Tabebuia aurea (Bignoniaceae) and evaluated pollen dispersal between a population inside the reserve and a patch of isolated individuals on the edge of the reserve, and tested the hypothesis that isolated individuals are sinking for pollen. All adult trees (260) . Maximum pollen dispersal was 2608 m, but most pollination events (65%) occurred at distances o300 m. Our results also showed that isolated individuals are sinking for pollen, with high pollen flow between the population inside the reserve and individuals on the edge. These results are most likely due to the large pollinator species, which can potentially fly long distances, and also due to temporal variation in individual fecundity and contribution to pollen dispersal.

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“…Floral colour is thought to play an important role in the attraction of pollinators to patches and may mediate competition or facilitation for pollinators within patches (Levin & Anderson 1970;Ghazoul 2006). Indeed, colour is among the most recognizable signals in the identification of 'pollination syndromes' relating to the perception and preference of pollinators (Faegri & van der Pijl 1979;Gumbert et al 1999;Fenster et al 2004;Lazaro et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral colour versus phylogeny in structuring subalpine flowering communities

2010

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The relative number of seeds produced by competing species can influence the community structure; yet, traits that influence seed production, such as pollinator attraction and floral colour, have received little attention in community ecology. Here, we analyse floral colour using reflectance spectra that include near-UV and examined the phylogenetic signal of floral colour. We found that coflowering species within communities tended to be more divergent in floral colour than expected by chance. However, coflowering species were not phylogenetically dispersed, in part due to our finding that floral colour is a labile trait with a weak phylogenetic signal. Furthermore, while we found that locally rare and common species exhibited equivalent floral colour distances from their coflowering neighbours, frequent species (those found in more communities) exhibited higher colour distances from their coflowering neighbours. Our findings support recent studies, which have found that (i) plant lineages exhibit frequent floral colour transitions; and (ii) traits that influence local population dynamics contribute to community structure.

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Competition for Pollinators between Simultaneously Flowering Species

Cited by 386 publications

References 38 publications

Simulations of flowering time displacement between two cytotypes that form inviable hybrids

Simulations of flowering time displacement between two cytotypes that form inviable hybrids

Temporal variation in pollen dispersal and breeding structure in a bee-pollinated Neotropical tree

Floral colour versus phylogeny in structuring subalpine flowering communities

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