Competition as a barrier to establishment of a native perennial grass (Elymus elymoides) in alien annual grass (Bromus tectorum) communities

Humphrey, L. D.; Schupp, Eugene W.

doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2003.11.008

Cited by 164 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

106

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Both of these functional groups increased with increasing mean annual precipitation when analyzed independently (analyses not shown). Soil moisture availability is closely linked to mean annual precipitation, is a primary determinant of native perennial plant establishment in sagebrush-steppe ecosystems (Chambers et al 2000;Chambers and Linnerooth 2001;Humphrey and Schupp 2004), and also influences other factors including soil development and nutrient cycling. Unlike deeprooted, perennial grass cover, we found that shallow-rooted, native perennial grass (i.e., Poa secunda) cover was best correlated with increasing mean annual temperature (n¼47, partial R 2 ¼0.5802; P , 0.0001).…”

Section: Vegetation Interactions With Soil Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prescribed Fire, Soil, and Plants: Burn Effects and Interactions in the Central Great Basin

Rau

Chambers

Blank

et al. 2008

Rangeland Ecology & Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Vegetation Interactions With Soil Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prescribed Fire, Soil, and Plants: Burn Effects and Interactions in the Central Great Basin

Rau

Chambers

Blank

et al. 2008

Rangeland Ecology & Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Particular ecosystems, however, are resistant to invasion by B. tectorum [15]. A common thread in ecosystem resistance to B. tectorum invasion is healthy, well-established, perennial grass communities such as the natives Pesudoroegneria spicata (bluebunch wheatgrass), Elymus elymoides (bottlebrush squirreltail), Poa secunda (bluegrass), and Festuca idahoensis (Idaho fescue), and the introduced Eurasian Agropyron cristatum (crested wheatgrass) [16][17][18]. Established perennial grasses that grow early in the spring and maintain growth during the winter have been shown to suppress annual weeds [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression ofBromus tectorumL. by Established Perennial Grasses: Potential Mechanisms—Part One

Blank¹,

Morgan²

2012

Applied and Environmental Soil Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

properly cited. Bromus tectorum L. (cheatgrass)is an Eurasian annual grass that has invaded ecosystems throughout the Intermountain west of the United States. Our purpose was to examine mechanisms by which established perennial grasses suppress the growth of B. tectorum. Using rhizotrons, the experiment was conducted over 5 growth cycles: (1) B. tectorum planted between perennial grasses; (2) perennials clipped and B. tectorum planted; (3) perennials clipped and B. tectorum planted into soil mixed with activated carbon; (4) perennials clipped, B. tectorum planted, and top-dressed with fertilizer, and; (5) perennial grasses killed and B. tectorum planted. Water was not limiting in this study. Response variables measured at the end of each growth cycle included above-ground mass and tissue nutrient concentrations. Relative to controls (B. tectorum without competition), established perennial grasses significantly hindered the growth of B. tectorum. Overall, biomass of B. tectorum, grown between established perennials, increased considerably after fertilizer addition and dramatically upon death of the perennials. Potential mechanisms involved in the suppression of B. tectorum include reduced nitrogen (possibly phosphorus) availability and coopting of biological soil space by perennial roots. Our data cannot confirm or reject allelopathic suppression. Understanding the mechanisms involved with suppression may lead to novel control strategies against B. tectorum.

show abstract

“…Invasion by alien grasses has been shown to modify the physiognomy and structure of neotropical savannas, not only by excluding native species, but also increasing fire frequency and intensity, thereby modifying the ecosystem as a whole (Humphrey and Schupp, 2004;D'Antonio and Vitousek, 1992;Hoffman et al, 2004;Pivello et al, 1999a). Perennial African C4 grasses are very successful invaders in savanna areas, as they have traits that give them a strong competitive advantage compared to the native species, such as tolerance to grazing, fire and low soil nutrient availability (D'Antonio and Vitousek, 1992;Williams and Baruch, 2000;Rosas et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation of soluble carbohydrates and starch in Echinolaena inflexa, a native grass species from the Brazilian savanna, and in the invasive grass Melinis minutiflora

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Echinolaena inflexa (Poir.) Chase is an abundant C3 grass species with high biomass production in the Brazilian savanna (cerrado); Melinis minutiflora Beauv. is an African C4 forage grass widespread in cerrado and probably displacing some native herbaceous species. In the present work, we analysed seasonally the content and composition of soluble carbohydrates, the starch amounts and the above-ground biomass (phytomass) of E. inflexa and M. minutiflora plants harvested in two transects at 5 and 130 m from the border in a restrict area of cerrado at the Biological Reserve and Experimental Station of Mogi-Guaçu (SP, Brazil). Results showed that water soluble carbohydrates and starch amounts from the shoots of both species varied according to the time of the year, whilst in the underground organs, variations were observed mainly in relation to the transects. Marked differences in the pattern of the above-ground biomass production between these two grasses relative to their location in the Reserve were also observed, with two peaks of the invasive species (July and January) at the Reserve border. The differences in carbohydrate accumulation, partitioning and composition of individual sugars concerning time of the year and location in the Reserve were more related to the annual growth cycle of both grasses and possibly to specific physiological responses of M. minutiflora to disturbed environments in the Reserve border.Keywords: biological invasion, cerrado, starch, sugars, tropical grasses. Variações sazonais de carboidratos solúveis e amido em Echinolaena inflexa, uma espécie nativa do cerrado, e na gramínea invasora Melinis minutiflora ResumoEchinolaena inflexa (Poir.) Chase é uma gramínea C3 muito abundante em áreas de cerrado e com alta produção de biomassa. Melinis minutiflora Beauv. é uma gramínea C4 de origem africana introduzida no Brasil para fins forrageiros, que se espalhou amplamente por áreas de cerrado, provavelmente deslocando espécies nativas. No presente trabalho, o conteúdo e a composição de carboidratos solúveis, o teor de amido e a biomassa aérea foram analisados sazonalmente em plantas de E. inflexa e M. minutiflora coletadas em dois transectos, a 5 e 130 m da borda da Reserva Biológica e Estação Experimental de Mogi-Guaçu, uma área restrita de cerrado (SP, Brasil). Os resultados mostraram que os carboidratos solúveis e o conteúdo de amido da parte aérea de ambas as espécies variaram de acordo com a época do ano, enquanto que nos órgãos subterrâneos as variações foram observadas principalmente em relação aos transectos. Diferenças marcantes no padrão de distribuição de biomassa aérea das duas espécies em relação à localização na reserva também foram observadas, com dois picos de produção da espécie invasora (em julho e janeiro) na borda da reserva. As diferenças observadas no acúmulo de carboidratos, partição e composição dos açúcares em relação à época do ano e localização na reserva foram mais relacionadas ao ciclo anual de crescimento de ambas as espécies e possivelmente a respostas f...

show abstract

Competition as a barrier to establishment of a native perennial grass (Elymus elymoides) in alien annual grass (Bromus tectorum) communities

Cited by 164 publications

References 31 publications

Prescribed Fire, Soil, and Plants: Burn Effects and Interactions in the Central Great Basin

Prescribed Fire, Soil, and Plants: Burn Effects and Interactions in the Central Great Basin

Suppression ofBromus tectorumL. by Established Perennial Grasses: Potential Mechanisms—Part One

Seasonal variation of soluble carbohydrates and starch in Echinolaena inflexa, a native grass species from the Brazilian savanna, and in the invasive grass Melinis minutiflora

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About