“…This was the first survey of management competencies in the hospitality industry. Ever since, management competencies have been used to address trends, challenges, and developments within the hospitality industry, including hotels and resorts (Chung-Herrera et al, 2003;Hsu and Gregory, 1995;Siu, 1998;Woods et al, 1998), food and beverage operations (Graves, 1996;Reynolds, 2000;Muller and Inman, 1996;Wilson et al, 2000), the tourism sector (Swedlove and Dowler, 1991;Legoherel et al, 2004), and the private club industry (Perdue et al, 2000(Perdue et al, , 2001(Perdue et al, , 2002.…”