Compensation grouting to limit settlements during tunnelling at Waterloo Station, London

Mair, RJ; Harris, D. I.; Love, J. P.; Blakey, D.; Kettle, Clif

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-2646-9_18

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The creation of fractures in rock formations increases the overall porosity, allowing hydrocarbons to escape. Other applications include measurement of existing (in-situ) stresses [8], carbon sequestration [9], geothermal energy reservoirs [10], compensation grouting [11] and disposal of toxic liquid waste deep underground. This process is also encountered in nature when studying magma transport [12].…”

Section: Hydraulic Fracturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogel as a Medium for Fluid-Driven Fracture Study

O'Keeffe

Linden

2017

Exp Mech

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In this paper we describe how to construct polyacrylamide hydrogels to study the processes linked with hydraulic fracturing. These transparent, linearly elastic and brittle gels permit fracturing at low pressures and speeds allowing accurate measurements to be obtained. In the context of hydraulic fracturing, the broad range of modulus and fracture energy values that are attainable allow experimental exploration of particular regimes of importance. We also describe how material properties may be deduced from hydraulic fracturing experiments. Lastly, we analyse the fracture surface patterns that emerge from fluid-driven cracks occurring within the medium. These patterns are similar to those that have been observed in other materials and we comment on their fractal-like nature.

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Section: Hydraulic Fracturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogel as a Medium for Fluid-Driven Fracture Study

O'Keeffe

Linden

2017

Exp Mech

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“…There are two main applications, including compensation grouting and corrective grouting, which were denoted as displacement grouting (Mair and Hight 1994). Successful cases of grouting have been reported (Harris et al 1994;Schweiger and Falk 1998;Sun et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Experimental study on grouting in underconsolidated soil to control excessive settlement

et al. 2016

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The underconsolidated soils in reclaimed land have low strength and high compressibility, resulting in susceptibility to excessive settlement and associated negative effects, which can be controlled by grouting. However, there is little research on the mechanism of grouting in underconsolidated soil, compared with the normally consolidated or overconsolidated soil. In this study, we present a series of laboratory grouting tests to investigate the grouting mechanism and the effect of degree of consolidation, soil type, load increment ratio and initial overlying load on the grouting performance. The results showed that the influence of grouting on primary consolidation settlement for underconsolidated soil included the heave effect, the additional settlement due to the dissipation of excess pore water pressure induced by grouting and the reduced settlement due to the increased modulus induced by grouting. However, grouting in underconsolidated soil had no influence on the secondary consolidation settlement. Grouting in underconsolidated soil with low degree of consolidation could obtain a shorter time of primary consolidation and a higher final grouting efficiency in primary consolidation stage. The final grouting efficiency in primary consolidation stage increased linearly with increasing load increment ratio, but decreased with increasing initial overlying load. As the overconsolidation ratio increased, the final grouting efficiency in primary consolidation stage decreased for underconsolidated soil, dropping to the lowest value for normally consolidated soil and then increased for the overconsolidated soil, reaching a limit. Moreover, the peak grouting pressure was proportional to the vertical effective stress at the beginning of grouting.

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“…It has been used to remediate for volume loss and settlement resulting from underground construction such as in tunnelling (e.g. Mair and Hight, 1994). The pioneering work of Graf (1969) addressed the basic concepts and the procedure of compaction grouting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory investigation of shaft grouting

Fattahpour

Baudet

Sze³

2015

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnica

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A series of tests is carried out using a purpose-built set-up to model compaction grouting around a pile shaft. The tests are performed on Hong Kong completely decomposed granite placed in a Rowe cell, with cement grout directly injected at the bottom of the cell from a pressure interface chamber. The soil specimens are tested under different initial stress and density conditions, either normally consolidated or overconsolidated. Different grouting pressures are used. The results indicate that a target volume of grout can be injected if the grout injection pressure is larger than the total stress by a magnitude at least equal to the effective stress. There is a tendency for the grout to propagate between the pile and the soil, with a residual densification of the soil after drainage. In loose soil, grouting has the effect of reducing the effective stress in the soil to zero, resulting in a homogeneous layer of grout between the shaft and soil. In denser specimens, fractures can occur parallel to the direction of minimum principal stress. A noticeable decrease in void ratio is achieved after grouting, due to both grout injection and drainage.

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Compensation grouting to limit settlements during tunnelling at Waterloo Station, London

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Hydrogel as a Medium for Fluid-Driven Fracture Study

Hydrogel as a Medium for Fluid-Driven Fracture Study

Experimental study on grouting in underconsolidated soil to control excessive settlement

Laboratory investigation of shaft grouting

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