Compatibilization of Polylactide/Poly(ethylene 2,5-furanoate) (PLA/PEF) Blends for Sustainable and Bioderived Packaging

Fredi, Giulia; Dorigato, Andrea; Dussin, Alessandro; Xanthopoulou, Eleftheria; Bikiaris, Dimitrios N.; Botta, Luigi; Fiore, Vincenzo; Pegoretti, Alessandro

doi:10.3390/molecules27196371

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…On the other hand, the scarce adhesion between the PAF domains and the surrounding PLA matrix suggested that even better properties could be obtained by adding a suitable compatibilizer. This was demonstrated in a subsequent work [40] on the development of PLA/PEF blends produced via melt mixing and compatibilized with a commercial compatibilizer/chain extender (Joncryl ® ADR 4468, J). In this work, this compatibilizer was proven to reduce the domain size of the dispersed phase and improve the interfacial adhesion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Toughening Effect of 2,5-Furandicaboxylate Polyesters on Polylactide-Based Renewable Fibers

et al. 2023

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This work presents the successful preparation and characterization of polylactide/poly(propylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PLA/PPF) and polylactide/poly(butylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PLA/PBF) blends in form of bulk and fiber samples and investigates the influence of poly(alkylene furanoate) (PAF) concentration (0 to 20 wt%) and compatibilization on the physical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Both blend types, although immiscible, are successfully compatibilized by Joncryl (J), which improves the interfacial adhesion and reduces the size of PPF and PBF domains. Mechanical tests on bulk samples show that only PBF is able to effectively toughen PLA, as PLA/PBF blends with 5–10 wt% PBF showed a distinct yield point, remarkable necking propagation, and increased strain at break (up to 55%), while PPF did not show significant plasticizing effects. The toughening ability of PBF is attributed to its lower glass transition temperature and greater toughness than PPF. For fiber samples, increasing the PPF and PBF amount improves the elastic modulus and mechanical strength, particularly for PBF-containing fibers collected at higher take-up speeds. Remarkably, in fiber samples, plasticizing effects are observed for both PPF and PBF, with significantly higher strain at break values compared to neat PLA (up to 455%), likely due to a further microstructural homogenization, enhanced compatibility, and load transfer between PLA and PAF phases following the fiber spinning process. SEM analysis confirms the deformation of PPF domains, which is probably due to a “plastic–rubber” transition during tensile testing. The orientation and possible crystallization of PPF and PBF domains contribute to increased tensile strength and elastic modulus. This work showcases the potential of PPF and PBF in tailoring the thermo-mechanical properties of PLA in both bulk and fiber forms, expanding their applications in the packaging and textile industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Toughening Effect of 2,5-Furandicaboxylate Polyesters on Polylactide-Based Renewable Fibers

et al. 2023

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“…Biopolymers are polymeric materials derived from renewable sources and are biodegradable [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ]. They can be polysaccharides, such as cellulose, or proteins, such as gelatin, casein, and silk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Xanthan Gum Based Superabsorbent and Water Retaining Composites for Agricultural and Forestry Applications

et al. 2023

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In this work, bio-based hydrogel composites of xanthan gum and cellulose fibers were developed to be used both as soil conditioners and topsoil covers, to promote plant growth and forest protection. The rheological, morphological, and water absorption properties of produced hydrogels were comprehensively investigated, together with the analysis of the effect of hydrogel addition to the soil. Specifically, the moisture absorption capability of these hydrogels was above 1000%, even after multiple dewatering/rehydration cycles. Moreover, the soil treated with 1.8 wt% of these materials increased the water absorption capacity by approximately 60% and reduced the water evaporation rate, due to the formation of a physical network between the soil, xanthan gum and cellulose fibers. Practical experiments on the growth of herbaceous and tomato plants were also performed, showing that the addition of less than 2 wt% of hydrogels into the soil resulted in higher growth rate values than untreated soil. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that the use of the produced topsoil covers helped promote plant growth. The exceptional water-regulating properties of the investigated materials could allow for the development of a simple, inexpensive and scalable technology to be extensively applied in forestry and/or agricultural applications, to improve plant resilience and face the challenges related to climate change.

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“…existing in nature into CO 2 , H 2 O, CH 4 and biomass, which can be integrated into the natural ecosystem without any ecotoxic effects [ 1 ]. One of the most studied BPs is poly(lactic acid) (PLA), a linear aliphatic polyester derived from lactic acid and synthesized from renewable resources, such as sugarcane or corn starch [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Due to its good mechanical properties (similar to those of polystyrene), processability, reasonable price and commercial availability, it has gained interest in academia and industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Physical and Shape Memory Properties of Fully Biodegradable Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/Poly(butylene adipate terephthalate) (PBAT) Blends

et al. 2023

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Biodegradable polymers have recently become popular; in particular, blends of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate terephthalate) (PBAT) have recently attracted significant attention due to their potential application in the packaging field. However, there is little information about the thermomechanical properties of these blends and especially the effect induced by the addition of PBAT on the shape memory properties of PLA. This work, therefore, aims at producing and investigating the microstructural, thermomechanical and shape memory properties of PLA/PBAT blends prepared by melt compounding. More specifically, PLA and PBAT were melt-blended in a wide range of relative concentrations (from 85/15 to 25/75 wt%). A microstructural investigation was carried out, evidencing the immiscibility and the low interfacial adhesion between the PLA and PBAT phases. The immiscibility was also confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). A thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the addition of PBAT slightly improved the thermal stability of PLA. The stiffness and strength of the blends decreased with the PBAT amount, while the elongation at break remained comparable to that of neat PLA up to a PBAT content of 45 wt%, while a significant increment in ductility was observed only for higher PBAT concentrations. The shape memory performance of PLA was impaired by the addition of PBAT, probably due to the low interfacial adhesion observed in the blends. These results constitute a basis for future research on these innovative biodegradable polymer blends, and their physical properties might be further enhanced by adding suitable compatibilizers.

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Compatibilization of Polylactide/Poly(ethylene 2,5-furanoate) (PLA/PEF) Blends for Sustainable and Bioderived Packaging

Cited by 14 publications

References 64 publications

Toughening Effect of 2,5-Furandicaboxylate Polyesters on Polylactide-Based Renewable Fibers

Toughening Effect of 2,5-Furandicaboxylate Polyesters on Polylactide-Based Renewable Fibers

Development of a Xanthan Gum Based Superabsorbent and Water Retaining Composites for Agricultural and Forestry Applications

Evaluation of the Physical and Shape Memory Properties of Fully Biodegradable Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/Poly(butylene adipate terephthalate) (PBAT) Blends

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