Compatibility of high polymers probed by interfacial tension

Sammler, Robert L.; Dion, R. P.; Carriere, C. J.; Cohen, A.

doi:10.1007/bf00367010

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…All three blend systems exhibited two clearly distinct phases because the blended polymers were generally immiscible. In the noncompatibilized blends the sizes of the dispersed droplets were generally about 10 pm, although large deviations existed.…”

Section: Correlations Between Interfacial Tension and Mo R P H O I Ogymentioning

confidence: 95%

Determination of interfacial tension between PA/PP and LCP/PP by IFR method and effect of compatibilization on interfacial tension

Kirjava¹,

Rundqvist

Holsti-Miettinen³

et al. 1995

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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SYNOPSISThe dynamic imbedded fiber retraction (IFR) method was used to measure the interfacial tension between two molten polymers. The aim was to evaluate the applicability of this method for polypropylene (PP) used as matrix, and two polyamide (PA6, PA66) and thermotropic main-chain liquid crystalline polymer fibers. The effect on the interfacial properties of modifying the PP matrix with compatibilizers was studied as well. The IFR method was found to be suitable for evaluating the interfacial properties of these polymer blends. The measured interfacial tensions correlated well with the morphology and mechanical properties of the blends and values calculated from the harmonic mean equation. Although the measured interfacial tensions were generally lower than the theoretical ones, the order of the values for the different polymer pairs was similar. 0 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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Section: Correlations Between Interfacial Tension and Mo R P H O I Ogymentioning

confidence: 95%

Determination of interfacial tension between PA/PP and LCP/PP by IFR method and effect of compatibilization on interfacial tension

Kirjava¹,

Rundqvist

Holsti-Miettinen³

et al. 1995

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Pendant drop Andreas [43], Chappelear [44], Wu [45,46,51], Roe [48], Anastasiadis [53], Escudie [54], Chen and White [60], Yoon and White [61] Thread breakup Chappelear [44], Elmendorp [52], Elemans [57], Yoon and White [61] Rotating drop Patterson [49], Wu [51] Shape evolution of fibers Carriere [55], Carriere and Cohen [58], Sammler [59] (imbedded fiber retraction) temperature coefficients. Interest in the interfacial tension has revived since the mid 1980s [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61].…”

Section: Technique Investigatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interest in the interfacial tension has revived since the mid 1980s [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61]. This is in part associated with growing interest in understanding phase morphology during polymer melt blending.…”

Section: Technique Investigatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manufacturing of Polymer Blends Using Polymeric and Low Molecular Weight Reactive Compatibilizers

Kim

White

2011

Encyclopedia of Polymer Blends

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During the past 50 years there has been a great increase in the development and production of blends of different polymers because many of them have performed well in new applications. The application areas of the various polymeric material blends systems are limitless and blending of the polymers has also been recognized as a faster and less expensive method of developing a new material than synthesizing a new polymer with a new chemical structure.Reactive blending has been a very attractive blending compatibilization strategy for immiscible polymer blend systems with a wisely selected chemistry since the 1970s. The properties and performance of polymer blends depend on the blend morphology. The morphology of a polymer blend is mainly determined by (i) polymer components, (ii) interfacial reaction, and (iii) mixing process. For a commercial polymer blend manufacturing process, possible maximum production rate, and process controls to minimize energy consumption during a manufacturing process are also required for lowering product cost (Figure 6.1). The major equip ment for manufacturing various kinds of polymer blends is a screw extruder. Understanding of a screw extrusion process design and operation is critical. An intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder is the major continuous processing machine among various screw extruders and is the main subject of discussion in this chapter.Section 6.2 briefly describes reactive blending and compatibilization. We then discuss the mixing and morphology development during polymer melt blending process in Section 6.3. In Sections 6.4 and 6.5 we turn to intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extrusion technology, including the modeling of a modular intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extrusion process, and extrusion process design for reactive polymer blending. First Edition. Edited by Avraam I. Isayev.

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“…One important way of overcoming this immiscibility and to control the blend morphology is through the use of compatibilizers. Compatibilizers are often block or graft copolymers that act as interfacial agents in polymer blends 1–7. The chemical structures of these copolymers are such that one part is miscible with one blend component (polymer 1), and the other part, with the other (polymer 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of a compatibilizer at the interface will affect both the interfacial adhesion and the interfacial tension, γ 3, 6, 7. The former will increase, and the latter, decrease, with addition of a compatibilizer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polypropylene-phenol formaldehyde-based compatibilizers. I. Preparation and characterization

Brve¹,

Kotlar²,

Gustafson³

2000

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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This work deals with the synthesis of a new type of compatibilizer suitable for blends or alloys of polypropylene and engineering polymers having aromatic residues or functionality complimentary to hydroxyl. Polypropylene-phenol formaldehyde graft copolymers from thermoplastic phenol formaldehyde (PF) resins and functionalized polypropylene (f-PP) were synthesized by reactive extrusion. The content of PF in the graft copolymer was determined by reaction variables like type and density of functionality on PP, molecular weight of PF, and viscosity ratio of f-PP and PF. The results showed that the viscosity ratio is of primary importance for such reactive processing. Also, type and concentration of the functional groups were important variables. The glycidyl methacrylate functionality resulted in higher conversions than did PP-g-maleic anhydride within the available reaction times.

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Compatibility of high polymers probed by interfacial tension

Cited by 23 publications

References 28 publications

Determination of interfacial tension between PA/PP and LCP/PP by IFR method and effect of compatibilization on interfacial tension

Determination of interfacial tension between PA/PP and LCP/PP by IFR method and effect of compatibilization on interfacial tension

Manufacturing of Polymer Blends Using Polymeric and Low Molecular Weight Reactive Compatibilizers

Polypropylene-phenol formaldehyde-based compatibilizers. I. Preparation and characterization

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