“…This aspect of patient care and provider well-being is often neglected in current SRT programs in China. Empathy training may help trainees improve their interpersonal and relationship-building skills for patient care and may assist with increased job satisfaction, which may lead to reductions in stress and burnout [32,68,69]. Additionally, training sites could assist trainees by providing strong social support for trainees via available consultation services, assigning mentors, or building up support groups through which trainees can share their experiences and support one another.…”
Background
High burnout has been reported in physician populations. Although the standardized residency training (SRT) in China includes components that might put residents at a higher risk for burnout, the burnout of Chinese medical residents is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of burnout and the associated risk and protective factors for medical residents in the SRT program in Shanghai, China.
Methods
This study was a prospective cross-sectional design. A random sampling strategy was used to recruit 330 resident physicians from four SRT sites in Shanghai, and 318 completed questionnaires were returned. Respondents completed a self-made questionnaire including demographic and work characteristics, four burnout and wellness-specific surveys. Bivariate analyses and hierarchical multiple regression models were used to analyze factors associated with three sub-scales of burn out separately.
Results
The overall burnout rate was 71.4%. Low level rate of personal accomplishment (PA) was extremely high at 69.5%. Night shift experience, high occupational stress, and low social support were significant predictors, which explained 49.1% variance of emotional exhaustion (EE) (F = 26.528, P < 0.01). Factors that significantly predicted depersonalization (DP) included male gender, senior residents, night shift experience, high occupational stress, and low psychological empathy, which explained 51.5% variance totally (F = 29.004, P < 0.01). Senior residents, high income, low occupational stress, and high empathy were also significant predictors of decreased personal achievement (PA), which explained 18.4% variance totally (F = 12.897, P < 0.01).
Conclusions
There was a high burnout rate among SRT residents in Shanghai. Occupational stress and several work-related factors were significant and strong risk factors for burnout, while empathy and social support were mild protective factors. Decreased work-related demands and increased access to resources could assist residents in reducing their work stress and improving their well-being.
“…This aspect of patient care and provider well-being is often neglected in current SRT programs in China. Empathy training may help trainees improve their interpersonal and relationship-building skills for patient care and may assist with increased job satisfaction, which may lead to reductions in stress and burnout [32,68,69]. Additionally, training sites could assist trainees by providing strong social support for trainees via available consultation services, assigning mentors, or building up support groups through which trainees can share their experiences and support one another.…”
Background
High burnout has been reported in physician populations. Although the standardized residency training (SRT) in China includes components that might put residents at a higher risk for burnout, the burnout of Chinese medical residents is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of burnout and the associated risk and protective factors for medical residents in the SRT program in Shanghai, China.
Methods
This study was a prospective cross-sectional design. A random sampling strategy was used to recruit 330 resident physicians from four SRT sites in Shanghai, and 318 completed questionnaires were returned. Respondents completed a self-made questionnaire including demographic and work characteristics, four burnout and wellness-specific surveys. Bivariate analyses and hierarchical multiple regression models were used to analyze factors associated with three sub-scales of burn out separately.
Results
The overall burnout rate was 71.4%. Low level rate of personal accomplishment (PA) was extremely high at 69.5%. Night shift experience, high occupational stress, and low social support were significant predictors, which explained 49.1% variance of emotional exhaustion (EE) (F = 26.528, P < 0.01). Factors that significantly predicted depersonalization (DP) included male gender, senior residents, night shift experience, high occupational stress, and low psychological empathy, which explained 51.5% variance totally (F = 29.004, P < 0.01). Senior residents, high income, low occupational stress, and high empathy were also significant predictors of decreased personal achievement (PA), which explained 18.4% variance totally (F = 12.897, P < 0.01).
Conclusions
There was a high burnout rate among SRT residents in Shanghai. Occupational stress and several work-related factors were significant and strong risk factors for burnout, while empathy and social support were mild protective factors. Decreased work-related demands and increased access to resources could assist residents in reducing their work stress and improving their well-being.
“…Further research is required; however, the importance of individual therapist factors suggests that it may be worthwhile focusing on the selection and training of teachers. Mindfulness practices are also useful for health professionals (Box 4): they can nurture compassion and the feeling of a strong desire to alleviate the suffering of others, which can enrich our work and reduce burnout: ‘spread this wisdom and perhaps train us in following a new and mutually beneficial path’ (Thakur 2015: p. 193). Case vignette: a teacher Dr P was an addiction psychiatrist who had completed formal training in cognitive–behavioural therapy and had an interest in mindfulness. He completed an 8-week mindfulness-based approaches (MBA) course which he found interesting, and he could see that this approach might be useful.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…‘spread this wisdom and perhaps train us in following a new and mutually beneficial path’ (Thakur 2015: p. 193).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This makes it key for them to learn about nurturing compassion towards themselves. The Royal College of Psychiatrists (2015) has recently published a document highlighting the importance of compassion and the value of mindfulness as an aid to developing compassion.…”
Section: Mindfulness and Mindfulness-based Approachesmentioning
ARTICLE SUMMARYThere have been many developments in mindfulness-based approaches (MBAs) since the original mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) course was first delivered in the 1980s. There are now a variety of mindfulness approaches, which are used to good effect in a range of psychological and physical health disorders. The addictions field first witnessed the development of relapse prevention techniques more than 30 years ago. MBAs have been adapted for use in relapse prevention and can be offered as a mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) course. MBSR or mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) courses may also be useful for those with addiction problems. In this article, we describe the MBAs that are commonly offered at present. We highlight ways in which these approaches may be useful in the addictions field. We also make suggestions for clinicians who may be interested in offering MBAs within their own service.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES• Gain an understanding of the term 'mindfulness' and the increasing variety of mindfulness approaches• Gain an understanding of the use and development of mindfulness approaches in addiction services • Be better able to plan the introduction of mindfulness approaches in addiction services DECLARATION OF INTEREST D.J. is an MBA teacher. A.W. is a trustee of Mindfulness Scotland and an MBA teacher trainer 'Life moves pretty fast. If you don't stop and look around once in a while, you could just miss it' (Ferris Bueller's Day Off, 1986).There is broad agreement among addiction specialists that detoxification from most substances is relatively straightforward, but that maintaining abstinence is more problematic. A recent review of psychosocial treatments used in addiction services highlighted the low effect sizes seen in treatment outcomes and the minimal differences between these approaches (Luty 2015). It is well recognised, however, that individual therapist factors, such as empathy and the strength of the therapeutic relationship, can strongly influence outcomes (Miller 2015). With this in mind, there is scope to refine our existing treatments and develop new approaches for those with addictive behaviour problems. We will briefly outline trends in psychological treatments used in addictions, before describing mindfulness and its use in addictions. We then provide some practical information for interested clinicians on getting started.
Mindfulness and mindfulness-based approachesMindfulness-based approaches (MBAs) were first popularised in the West by Jon Kabat-Zinn, who integrated meditation practices into a mindfulnessbased stress reduction (MBSR) course for people experiencing a range of chronic health problems.
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