Comparisons of the prevalence of and risk factors for elderly depression between urban and rural populations in Japan

Abe, Yasuko; Fujise, Noboru; Fukunaga, Ryuta; Nakagawa, Yuko; Ikeda, Manabu

doi:10.1017/s1041610212000099

Cited by 64 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…In line with other recent studies on OA, we found significant association between the presence of depressive symptoms and a number of variables at the individual level, in particular: female [17], [40]–[43], absence of an intimate partner [17], [41]–[43], a low educational level or illiteracy [17], [41]–[42], lack of empowerment in household decision-making (especially with regard to financial matters) [43]–[44], disability or functional limitations [40]–[41], presence of comorbidity [40]–[43], and chronic exposure to psychosocial stress [42]. The latter could be an important factor in the strong connection we found between depressive symptoms and self-reported incidents of physical violence or accidents in the previous 12 months.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Income Inequality, Socioeconomic Deprivation and Depressive Symptoms among Older Adults in Mexico

et al. 2014

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ObjectiveDepression is the second most common mental disorder in older adults (OA) worldwide. The ways in which depression is influenced by the social determinants of health – specifically, by socioeconomic deprivation, income inequality and social capital - have been analyzed with only partially conclusive results thus far. The objective of our study was to estimate the association of income inequality and socioeconomic deprivation at the locality, municipal and state levels with the prevalence of depressive symptoms among OA in Mexico.MethodsCross-sectional study based on a nationally representative sample of 8,874 OA aged 60 and over. We applied the brief seven-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) to determine the presence of depressive symptoms. Additionally, to select the principal context variables, we used the Deprivation Index of the National Population Council of Mexico at the locality, municipal and state levels, and the Gini Index at the municipal and state levels. Finally, we estimated the association of income inequality and socioeconomic deprivation with the presence of depressive symptoms using a multilevel logistic regression model.ResultsSocioeconomic deprivation at the locality (OR = 1.28; p<0.10) and municipal levels (OR = 1.16; p<0.01) correlated significantly with the presence of depressive symptoms, while income inequality did not.ConclusionsThe results of our study confirm that the social determinants of health are relevant to the mental health of OA. Further research is required, however, to identify which are the specific socioeconomic deprivation components at the locality and municipal levels that correlate with depression in this population group.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Income Inequality, Socioeconomic Deprivation and Depressive Symptoms among Older Adults in Mexico

et al. 2014

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“…The pattern of rural-urban differences in depression observed among older adults in China is very different from that found in other countries (e.g., Britain, Canada, Japan, Korea, Taiwan and United States) where either no significant difference (Abe, Fujise, Fukunage, Nakagawa, & Ikeda, 2012; Kim, Shin, Yoon, & Stewart, 2002; St John, Blandford, & Strain, 2006) or a rural advantage (Chiu, Chen, Huang & Mau, 2005; Evans, 2009; Friedman, Conwell, & Delavan, 2007; Kim, Stewart, Shin, Yoon, & Lee, 2004; Walters et al, 2004) has been reported. Why is the prevalence of depression higher in rural than urban older adults in China?…”

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confidence: 91%

Understanding Rural–Urban Differences in Depressive Symptoms Among Older Adults in China

et al. 2015

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Objectives Studies have reported that rural elders in China have higher levels of depression than their urban peers. We aimed to examine the extent to which four sets of factors (socioeconomic status (SES), healthcare access, health status, social support and participation) account for such rural-urban differences. Methods Cross-sectional data from the 2011 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were analyzed. A representative sample (N = 5,103) of older Chinese (age 60+) was included. Depressive symptoms were measured by the CESD-10. Multilevel linear regression was conducted. Results Rural elders had more depressive symptoms than urban elders. When SES at the individual-, household- and community-level was simultaneously controlled, the rural-urban difference lost its statistical significance. Health status, social support and social participation accounted for some, whereas healthcare access explained almost none, of the rural-urban difference. Discussion Results suggest that SES is the predominant factor accounting for the rural-urban depression gap in China.

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“…In the elderly population, it is well known that sociodemographic correlates of depression include female gender, divorced or separated marital status, low income and/or educational level, inadequate social support, and recent undesirable and unexpected life events26,27. In this study, lower education level was indeed a risk factor for depression, although we were not able to identify other sociodemographic variables that independently predicted depression.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…With the elderly population growing worldwide, geriatric depression is a major health concern that can be life threatening if not recognized in time and properly managed. This is a disease that significantly reduces quality of life and also is the single most important predictor of suicide27. In particular, physical health has a major impact on a person's mood and well-being, and geriatric skin disorders often represent a symptom or complication of an underlying systemic disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Depression in Geriatric Patients with Dermatological Diseases

Kim

Park

et al. 2013

Ann Dermatol

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BackgroundAlthough rarely life threatening, dermatological diseases may have a considerable influence on a patient's quality of life and psychological well-being. As with morbidity and mental distress from other chronic diseases, a skin disorder can be the one of the main causes of depression in the geriatric population.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of depression in elderly patients with dermatological disease in Korea and to identify factors associated with depression.MethodsPatients over the age of 60 years with dermatologic diseases were solicited for a questionnaire survey. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was used to obtain a patient-based measurement of depression. Additionally, demographic information and medical history were collected.ResultsThe questionnaire was completed by 313 patients (39.94% men, mean age 69.04 years, mean disease duration 3.23 years). Dermatological disease overall had a significant effect on patients' depression (χ2=177.13, p<0.0001), with a mean GDS score of 12.35 (out of 30). The patients who had a GDS score greater than 10 was 62.3% which indicated increased prevalence of mild to severe depression when compared to the general population among whom only 22.22% percent have GDS score greater than 10. In the univariate analysis, physical health, education level, and the presence of concurrent diseases were risk factors for geriatric depression. However, we did not find any demographic or disease related variables that were independent predictors of depression.ConclusionGeriatric patients with dermatological disease experience an increase burden of depression. Thus, it is important for clinicians to evaluate geriatric patients with dermatologic diseases for depression.

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Comparisons of the prevalence of and risk factors for elderly depression between urban and rural populations in Japan

Abstract: Although factors related to depression did not differ markedly between urban and rural elderly people, some risk factors differed between the two areas. Effective intervention programs for elderly depression should pay more attention to regional differences.

Cited by 64 publications

References 22 publications

Income Inequality, Socioeconomic Deprivation and Depressive Symptoms among Older Adults in Mexico

Income Inequality, Socioeconomic Deprivation and Depressive Symptoms among Older Adults in Mexico

Understanding Rural–Urban Differences in Depressive Symptoms Among Older Adults in China

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Depression in Geriatric Patients with Dermatological Diseases

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