Comparisons of the polar lipid and pigment profiles of two solar salterns located in Newark, California, U.S.A., and Eilat, Israel

Litchfield, Carol D.; Irby, Amy; Kis-Papo, Tamar; Oren, Aharon

doi:10.1007/s007920070011

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Among the selected saltwork, the crystallizer ponds had higher halobacterial biomass when compared to reservoir and condenser ponds. The observations pertaining to the incidence of high halobacterial densities in crystallizer pond in the present study correlated with earlier investigations, which include Oren (1990), Litchfield et al, 2000 andTamerkisspapo (2000). Litchfield et al, 2000 had remarked that the biodiversity of saltern is due to the seasonal differences in an ecosystem.…”

Section: G Total Halobacterial Density In the Brine Samples And Wet supporting

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of the Physico Chemical Parameters and the Halobacterial Density in Brine Samples of Different Saltworks

Sreeja¹

2017

IJRASET

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The physico chemical parameters are an important factor that determines halobacterial survival and propagation in brine samples. Isolation of halophilic bacteria from the brine samples were collected at different sampling stations (reservoir, condenser and crystallizer and wet salt) from the Kovalam, Swamithoppu and Thamaraikulam saltworks of Kanniyakumari district, were drawn from December to March. The temperature, salinity and pH of crystallizer ponds and wet salt greater than reservoir and condenser ponds. The total halobacterial counts of brine samples showed bacterial density sizes much greater than those in sea water and thus indicating an increase of halobacterial number with increase in salinity. The halobacterial densities of crystallizer are much greater than reservoir pond and also the highest bacterial biomass was observed at higher salinity brines during summer month March.

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Section: G Total Halobacterial Density In the Brine Samples And Wet supporting

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of the Physico Chemical Parameters and the Halobacterial Density in Brine Samples of Different Saltworks

Sreeja¹

2017

IJRASET

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“…Further, the prokaryotic community in the higher temperature crystallizer (27 to 40°C) in our eutrophic saltern might have a different composition than that in the oligotrophic Eilat saltern. Comparisons of the polar lipid and metabolic profiles of 2 eutrophic solar salterns located in Newark, California, USA, and in the oligotrophic saltern at Eilat, Israel, con- Table 1 sistently showed such regional differences in the microbial communities in summer (Litchfield et al 2000(Litchfield et al , 2001. One intriguing observation was that PHP was betaine limited only during the summer (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Javor (1983) showed that tropical salterns had less chlorophyll a (chl a) and fewer nutrient variations than similar systems located in the temperate zone. Based on comparisons of the polar lipid and metabolic profiles of 2 solar salterns in Newark, California, USA, and Eilat, Israel, Litchfield et al (2000Litchfield et al ( , 2001) noted seasonal differences in the saltern microbial communities. However, seasonal studies on prokaryotic growth-related variables along a salinity gradient have not been made (Gasol et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal study on ectoenzyme activities, carbohydrate concentrations, prokaryotic abundance and production in a solar saltern in Korea

Park¹,

Choi²,

Hwang³

et al. 2006

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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Solar salterns in temperate climates commercially produce salt in the summer. To determine whether prokaryotic growth-related variables vary seasonally along the salinity gradient, ectoenzyme activities, prokaryotic abundance (PA), prokaryotic heterotrophic production (PHP) and environmental variables were measured in a solar saltern in 1999 and 2001. In low-salinity (i.e. <120 ‰) ponds, where marine bacteria are known to dominate the prokaryotic community, positive relationships of ectoenzyme activities with PA (aminopeptidase: r 2 = 0.51, p < 0.01, n = 16; β-glucosidase: r 2 = 0.57, p < 0.01, n = 17), temperature (β-glucosidase: r 2 = 0.56, p < 0.01, n = 17) and PHP (aminopeptidase: r 2 = 0.25, p < 0.05, n = 16) were observed, as also reported for ordinary marine environments. However, in high-salinity (i.e. ≥120 ‰) ponds, the relationships became insignificant or weak, and a strongly negative relationship between aminopeptidase activity and salinity (r 2 = 0.71, p < 0.01, n = 19) was found. Thus, the high salinity seems to significantly reduce ectoenzyme activities. In high-salinity ponds (120 to 390 ‰) per-cell ectoenzyme activities decreased by as much as 2 to 3 orders of magnitude. Furthermore, substrate-addition and temperature-treatment experiments indicated that limiting factors for PHP vary seasonally in the saltern. PHP was limited by organic compounds (i.e. glucose and an amino acid mixture) in the spring at a salinity of 120 ‰ and by osmoregulatory substances (i.e. betaine) in the summer at salinities of 260 to 390 ‰, and temperature in the autumn at 29 to 213 ‰. Despite the dominant influence of high salinity on prokaryotic activities, relationships between prokaryotic parameters varied seasonally both in low-salinity and in high-salinity ponds. Thus, it seems that prokaryotic variables along the salinity gradient in the saltern are controlled by different factors over seasonal cycles.

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“…The absorbance profile of nonpolar lipids showed that, relative to the background strain, SRP19-lacking cells presented major absorption peaks at 490 nm and 530 nm (Fig. 3A), likely corresponding to bacterioruberin (17). Elevated bacterioruberin levels are noted in haloarchaea facing various stress conditions (3,8,10,15,20,24).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

SRP19 Is a Dispensable Component of the Signal Recognition Particle in Archaea

2007

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In vitro, archaeal SRP54 binds SRP RNA in the absence of SRP19, suggesting the latter to be expendable in Archaea. Accordingly, the Haloferax volcanii SRP19 gene was deleted. Although normally transcribed at a level comparable to that of the essential SRP54 gene, SRP19 deletion had no effect on cell growth, membrane protein insertion, protein secretion, or ribosome levels. The absence of SRP19 did, however, increase membrane bacterioruberin levels.Despite their structural similarities (9, 28), eukaryal and archaeal signal recognition particles (SRP) seemingly follow very different pathways of assembly. In Eukarya, SRP19 binding both to the capping tetraloop of SRP RNA helix 6 and to a lower-affinity binding site near the tip of helix 8 brings these helices into close proximity, leading to a conformational change in helix 8 and exposure of the normally cryptic SRP54-binding site (16,21). By contrast, structural and biochemical investigations of archaeal SRP raise questions regarding the role of SRP19 in the assembly of the particle in Archaea. While crystallographic studies have shown the SRP54 binding site to be fully presented in the SRP19-SRP RNA complex (11), structural analysis of free archaeal SRP RNA has shown that helices 6 and 8 normally lie parallel to each other and interact (12,27) and that there is partial exposure of the SRP RNA helix 8 SRP54-binding site (12). Accordingly, in vitro reconstitutions with purified components from Archaeoglobus fulgidus (4, 7), Methanococcus jannaschii (12), Pyrococcus furiosus (18), or Haloferax volcanii (26) have shown binding of archaeal SRP54 to SRP RNA in the absence of SRP19. Although these studies showed that SRP19 was required for high-affinity binding, SRP54 clearly presented inherent affinity for SRP RNA (7, 12). Thus, although polyhistidine-tagged SRP19, SRP54, and SRP RNA could be cocaptured from transformed H. volcanii cells (22), the need for SRP19 in vivo merits further investigation.To discern whether SRP19 is essential in H. volcanii, the encoding gene was exchanged for the tryptophan synthaseencoding trpA gene by a gene knockout technique developed for H. volcanii (2, 5). Briefly, a pyrE-containing vector plasmid encoding 400 nucleotides flanking each end of the SRP19 gene, separated by trpA, was integrated into the genome of H. volcanii strain WR536, a uracil and tryptophan auxotroph. To replace SRP19, the transformed cells were grown in the presence of uracil and 5-fluoroorotic acid, without tryptophan. PCR using primers directed against the SRP19 flanking regions, designed to follow the exchange of trpA for SRP19, revealed plasmid integration, with bands corresponding to genome-and plasmid-derived sequences being detected in the transformed cells (Fig. 1A, lane 2). Upon expulsion of SRP19 and the integrated plasmid, only trpA with its SRP19 flanking regions were detected (lane 3). Using genomic DNA from untreated and SRP19-lacking cells as a template and primers directed against the SRP19 coding region, PCR revealed a reaction product in the backgr...

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Comparisons of the polar lipid and pigment profiles of two solar salterns located in Newark, California, U.S.A., and Eilat, Israel

Cited by 37 publications

References 17 publications

Evaluation of the Physico Chemical Parameters and the Halobacterial Density in Brine Samples of Different Saltworks

Evaluation of the Physico Chemical Parameters and the Halobacterial Density in Brine Samples of Different Saltworks

Seasonal study on ectoenzyme activities, carbohydrate concentrations, prokaryotic abundance and production in a solar saltern in Korea

SRP19 Is a Dispensable Component of the Signal Recognition Particle in Archaea

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