Comparisons of Selected and Cloned Plantlets against Seedlings for Rehabilitation of Saline and Waterlogged Discharge Zones in Australian Agricultural Catchments

Bell, David T.; McComb, J.; Moezel, Paul G. van der; Bennett, I.J.; Kabay, E. D.

doi:10.1080/00049158.1994.10676117

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…(Bell et al, 1994). The cultures had been stabilised (McCown, 2000) through continuous subculture for at least 18 months before these experiments were conducted and three clones were used; 919 (salt sensitive), 66 (salt tolerant) and 502 (salt tolerant).…”

Section: Shoot Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of salt stress and abscisic acid on proline production, chlorophyll content and growth of in vitro propagated shoots of Eucalyptus camaldulensis

Woodward

Bennett

2005

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Three clones, selected for their variation in salt tolerance, were examined regarding their growth and physiological responses on exposure to salt (NaCl) and abscisic acid (ABA) in vitro. The shoot proline levels significantly increased in two salt tolerant clones when exposed to 100 mM NaCl in the shoot multiplication medium. In contrast, proline in a salt sensitive clone did not change in comparison to the control treatment. When 10 micromolar ABA was included in the medium all clones had an increase in proline regardless of whether they were salt tolerant or salt sensitive, linking proline production to the stress hormone ABA. Callus production was so variable that it was not possible to produce callus of consistent texture, colour and growth for all three clones. For the two clones where consistent growth was achievable, both the salt tolerant and salt sensitive clones increased proline production when exposed to salt. This response, however, was greater in the salt tolerant clone. Other parameters examined were growth (dry weight) and shoot chlorophyll content. These characteristics did not correlate with the salt tolerance of the clones, with similar weights being produced on non salt and salt media and similar chlorophyll in both salt sensitive and salt tolerant clones regardless of the medium in which they were grown. The production of proline is considered with regard to selection for differences in salt tolerance in vitro

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Section: Shoot Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of salt stress and abscisic acid on proline production, chlorophyll content and growth of in vitro propagated shoots of Eucalyptus camaldulensis

Woodward

Bennett

2005

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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“…The physiological responses which confer salinity-and waterlogging-tolerance in Australian trees and salt-tolerant shrubs are well understood (Bell, 1999;Bell et al, 1994;Farrell et al, 1996;Froend et al, 1987;Marcar and Termaat, 1990;Mensforth and Walker, 1996;Niknam and McComb, 2000;van der Moezel et al, 1988). Currently, vegetation in areas where the water table is predicted to be < 2 m below the soil surface is considered to be at high risk (Jolly et al, 2002;National Land and Water Resources Audit, 2001), and it is expected that in these areas ecosystems will be forced through a transitional threshold to a new stable state that is both biologically and structurally impoverished (Cramer and Hobbs, 2002;Keighery et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The influence of local elevation on soil properties and tree health in remnant eucalypt woodlands affected by secondary salinity

et al. 2004

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More than 2 M ha of remnant vegetation in Australia is predicted to be at risk from shallow water tables by 2050. Currently, vegetation is considered to be at risk where the water table is predicted to be less than 2 m below the soil surface, yet casual observation of areas affected by secondary salinity in the Western Australian wheatbelt has suggested that small differences in elevation (< 0.5 m) are important in determining plant health. In this study, we investigated how small changes in elevation (and hence depth to the water table) affected soil Cl concentrations and water contents, and whether small changes in elevation were associated with major changes in tree health in two remnants of Eucalyptus wandoo Blakely woodland with secondary salinity. At one site there were strong dissimilarities between soil samples collected above or below relative elevations of 0.5 m in areas with a shallow (0.3 m deep in September 2001) and saline water table. This was reflected in almost complete tree mortality at relative elevations below 0.5 m. However, low rainfall in 2001 meant that it was unlikely that current soil conditions had caused tree death. When water table data for 1999 was overlaid over plots of tree health and transect topography, high levels of tree mortality corresponded with areas where the water table was at or above the ground surface. At the other site, there was no clear relationship between elevation, soil characteristics and tree health. Localised variation in abiotic conditions and ecosystem processes at a fine-scale may buffer, to some extent, the spatial impact of soil salinity and waterlogging in remnant vegetation. Collapses in tree health at some sites are likely to be related to extreme and episodic events, which we may have limited ability to predict.

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“…Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn (river red gum) is one of the species most suitable for rehabilitating areas subject to waterlogging because it occurs naturally in areas of periodic inundation Eastham et al 1993) and is tolerant of both waterlogging Restoration Ecology JUNE 1997 (Karschon & Zohar 1975) and salinity (Sands 1981). Plantations of clonal lines of E. camaldulensis with superior tolerance to waterlogging and saline conditions (Mc-Comb et al 1989) have been established to reclaim catchments affected by rising groundwater (Bennett & George 1992;Bell et al 1994). Little information exists, however, on the capacity of these clones to lower water tables or on their growth responses to waterlogged and/or saline environments under field conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoration of Catchment Water Balance: Responses of Clonal River Red Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) to Waterlogging

Akilan

Marshall

Morgan

et al. 1997

Restoration Ecology

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Effects of waterlogging were studied in the field and under glasshouse conditions on two clonal lines of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh (river red gum), which are used in the rehabilitation of damaged agricultural catchments in Western Australia. The plantation of 9‐year‐old trees was in a position that covered a range of waterlogging and salinity conditions. Up‐slope the water table was deeper (0.65–1.5 m), whereas the water table was closer to the ground surface down‐slope (0.45 m in winter; 1.25 m in summer). Salinity was greater downslope and increased at the end of the dry summer, remaining high until diluted by the winter rains. Trees of both clonal lines were smaller downslope and used less water over the year. Clone M80 used more water in winter; clone M66 more in summer. In the field, the roots of clone M80 were evenly distributed through the soil profile, while roots of clone M66 decreased with increasing depth. Production of new root terminals varied with season. Greatest production was in spring and early summer, with much lower production over late autumn and winter. Only clone M66 produced new root terminals at depth (60–75 cm) during the drier months of late summer and early autumn. At this time, saline ground‐water was the main source for water uptake. To explore clonal differences more closely, the effects of prolonged waterlogging were studied under glasshouse conditions. Clone M80 grew similarly under freely drained and continuously waterlogged conditions for the experimental period (21 weeks). The response under continuously waterlogged conditions was achieved through adventitious root production. By contrast, growth of clone M66 was suppressed under continuous waterlogging, a response associated with the lack of adventitious root production. The results from field and glasshouse studies suggest that clone M80 is more adapted to waterlogging by relatively fresh water than clone M66, but that clone M66 may use water of higher salinity than clone M80. Clone M80 would be better suited to higher positions in partially cleared catchments, where rainfall provides relatively fresh soil water. Clone M66 is better suited to lower catchment positions due to its ability to utilize more saline groundwater. Restoration of the water balance of damaged agricultural catchments can be best managed by matching specialized genotypes with particular catchment positions.

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Comparisons of Selected and Cloned Plantlets against Seedlings for Rehabilitation of Saline and Waterlogged Discharge Zones in Australian Agricultural Catchments

Cited by 26 publications

References 15 publications

The effect of salt stress and abscisic acid on proline production, chlorophyll content and growth of in vitro propagated shoots of Eucalyptus camaldulensis

The effect of salt stress and abscisic acid on proline production, chlorophyll content and growth of in vitro propagated shoots of Eucalyptus camaldulensis

The influence of local elevation on soil properties and tree health in remnant eucalypt woodlands affected by secondary salinity

Restoration of Catchment Water Balance: Responses of Clonal River Red Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) to Waterlogging

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