Comparisons of Methods to Calculate TMDLs for
            <i>E. Coli</i>
            : Load Duration Curves, Mass Balance, and HSPF

Petersen, Tina; Sowells, Camille W.; Rifai, Hanadi S.; Stein, Ron

doi:10.1061/40976(316)440

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…These reports question the necessity of performing detailed water quality modeling for TMDLs, particularly in the early phases of a project, although detailed modeling might be appropriate in later phases. Simple modeling methods might be just as good, if not preferable, to detailed models due to the sizable errors inherent in modeling natural systems (Petersen et al ., ). Also, previous Texas TMDL studies done with complex models have been scrutinized by citizen stakeholder groups (Sullivan and Hambleton, ), a constituency that is critical to the TMDL process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

TMDL Balance: A Model for Coastal Water Pollutant Loadings

Johnson

Maidment

Kirisits

2013

J American Water Resour Assoc

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Bacterial contamination accounts for more than 60% of the impairments included on the 2008 Texas 303(d) List. Many of these bacterial impairments are along the Texas Gulf Coast because coastal waters often are regulated for oyster harvesting, which have strict water quality standards. Under the Clean Water Act, each one of these impaired waterbodies requires a total maximum daily load (TMDL) study to be performed. A recent, statewide study recommended the development and application of simple modeling approaches to address the majority of Texas's bacteria TMDLs, including "… simple load duration curve, GIS [geographic information systems], and/or mass balance models." We developed the TMDL Balance model in response to this recommendation. TMDL Balance is a steady state, mass balance, GIS-based model for simulating pollutant loads and concentrations in coastal systems. The model uses plug-flow reactor and continuously-stirred tank reactor equations to route spatially distributed point and nonpoint source loads through a watershed via overland flow, non-tidal flow, and tidal flow, decaying the loads via first-order kinetics. In this paper, we explain the development of the watershed loading portion of the TMDL Balance model, demonstrating the methodology through a case study: computing bacterial loads in the Copano Bay watershed of southeast Texas. The application highlights an example of distributing bacterial sources spatially based on land use data.(KEY TERMS: computational methods; geographic information systems (GIS); pathogens; total maximum daily loads; watersheds; estuaries.) Johnson, Stephanie L., David R. Maidment, and Mary J. Kirisits, 2013. TMDL Balance: A Model for Coastal Water Pollutant Loadings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%