Comparisons of Cloud In Situ Microphysical Properties of Deep Convective Clouds to Appendix D/P Using Data from the High-Altitude Ice Crystals-High Ice Water Content and High Ice Water Content-RADAR I Flight Campaigns

Strapp, J. W.; Schwarzenböeck, Alfons; Bedka, Kristopher M.; Bond, Tom; Calmels, Alice; Delanoë, Julien; Dezitter, Fabien; Grzych, Matthew; Harrah, Steven; Korolev, Alexei; Leroy, Delphine; Lilie, Lyle; Mason, Jeanne G.; Potts, Rodney; Protat, Alain; Ratvasky, Thomas P.; Riley, James T.; Wolde, Mengistu

doi:10.4271/01-14-02-0007

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In general, total condensed water content (TWC) values in these campaigns reached as high as 4.1 g m −3 averaged over 0.93 km (0.5 nautical mile) distance scales, and even up to about 2 g m −3 over 185 km distance scales. Average MMDs in HIWC zones greater than or equal to 1 g m −3 increased with temperature, from ∼ 326 µm at −50 • C to ∼ 708 µm at −10 • C (Strapp et al, 2021). Leroy et al (2015Leroy et al ( , 2016aLeroy et al ( , 2017 showed that MMDs decrease with increasing TWC and decreasing temperature, indicating small ice crystals are responsible for HIWC regions at high altitudes for both the Darwin and Cayenne datasets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Microphysical processes producing high ice water contents (HIWCs) in tropical convective clouds during the HAIC-HIWC field campaign: evaluation of simulations using bulk microphysical schemes

Huang

McFarquhar

et al. 2021

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Regions with high ice water content (HIWC), composed of mainly small ice crystals, frequently occur over convective clouds in the tropics. Such regions can have median mass diameters (MMDs) <300 µm and equivalent radar reflectivities <20 dBZ. To explore formation mechanisms for these HIWCs, high-resolution simulations of tropical convective clouds observed on 26 May 2015 during the High Altitude Ice Crystals – High Ice Water Content (HAIC-HIWC) international field campaign based out of Cayenne, French Guiana, are conducted using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with four different bulk microphysics schemes: the WRF single‐moment 6‐class microphysics scheme (WSM6), the Morrison scheme, and the Predicted Particle Properties (P3) scheme with one- and two-ice options. The simulations are evaluated against data from airborne radar and multiple cloud microphysics probes installed on the French Falcon 20 and Canadian National Research Council (NRC) Convair 580 sampling clouds at different heights. WRF simulations with different microphysics schemes generally reproduce the vertical profiles of temperature, dew-point temperature, and winds during this event compared with radiosonde data, and the coverage and evolution of this tropical convective system compared to satellite retrievals. All of the simulations overestimate the intensity and spatial extent of radar reflectivity by over 30 % above the melting layer compared to the airborne X-band radar reflectivity data. They also miss the peak of the observed ice number distribution function for 0.1<Dmax<1 mm. Even though the P3 scheme has a very different approach representing ice, it does not produce greatly different total condensed water content or better comparison to other observations in this tropical convective system. Mixed-phase microphysical processes at −10 ∘C are associated with the overprediction of liquid water content in the simulations with the Morrison and P3 schemes. The ice water content at −10 ∘C increases mainly due to the collection of liquid water by ice particles, which does not increase ice particle number but increases the mass/size of ice particles and contributes to greater simulated radar reflectivity.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Microphysical processes producing high ice water contents (HIWCs) in tropical convective clouds during the HAIC-HIWC field campaign: evaluation of simulations using bulk microphysical schemes

Huang

McFarquhar

et al. 2021

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The ERA5 reanalysis data available every 1 h with 0.25 • × 0.25 • horizontal grid spacing (https://doi.org/10.5065/BH6N-5N20, last access: 13 October 2019) are used for initial and boundary conditions. The model is run from 00:00 to 18:00 UTC on 26 May 2017 for 18 h with a spin-up time of the first 6 h. Physical parameterization schemes include the revised Rapid Radiative Transfer Model (RRTMG) longwave and shortwave radiation scheme (Iacono et al, 2008), the Yonsei University (YSU) planetary boundary layer (PBL) scheme , the MM5 similarity surface layer scheme (Beljaars, 1995), and the unified Noah land-surface scheme (Tewari et al, 2004). The cumulus parameterization scheme is not activated in this study.…”

Section: Model Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Microphysical Processes Producing High Ice Water Contents (HIWCs) in Tropical Convective Clouds during the HAIC-HIWC Field Campaign: Evaluation of Simulations Using Bulk Microphysical Schemes

Huang¹,

Wu²,

McFarquhar³

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cloud environments with high IWC (> 1 g m −3 ) pose a hazard for civil aviation and may result in engine power loss, stall, or damage (e.g., Lawson et al, 1998;Mason et al, 2006;Mason and Grzych, 2011). The phenomenon of high IWC has been well documented from in situ observations in tropical mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) (e.g., Heymsfield and Palmer, 1986;Lawson et al, 1998;Gayet et al, 2012;Fridlind et al, 2015;Leroy et al, 2017;Strapp et al, 2021). Several previous modelling studies using different cloud microphysical parameterizations have attempted to reproduce high IWCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the absence of a consensus on SIP parameterizations, these two processes were described by two specific parameterizations proposed in the literature, which provide a sufficient enhancement of N i above the melting layer consistent with in situ observations in the MCSs . Simulated ice PSD, N i , IWC, radar reflectivity, and Doppler velocity were compared against in situ and remote sensing observations collected during the "High Altitude Ice Crystals -High Ice Water Content" (HAIC-HIWC) field campaign in 2015 (Strapp et al, 2021). Without looking for an exact match between model simulations and observations, this study aimed to show whether the simulation with SIP produces a better estimation of the observed microphysics compared with the simulation without SIP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impacts of secondary ice production on microphysics and dynamics in tropical convection

Korolev

Milbrandt

et al. 2022

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Secondary ice production (SIP) is an important physical phenomenon that results in an increase in the ice particle concentration and can therefore have a significant impact on the evolution of clouds. In this study, idealized simulations of a mesoscale convective system (MCS) were conducted using a high-resolution (250 m horizontal grid spacing) mesoscale model and a detailed bulk microphysics scheme in order to examine the impacts of SIP on the microphysics and dynamics of a simulated tropical MCS. The simulations were compared to airborne in situ and remote sensing observations collected during the “High Altitude Ice Crystals – High Ice Water Content” (HAIC-HIWC) field campaign in 2015. It was found that the observed high ice number concentration can only be simulated by models that include SIP processes. The inclusion of SIP processes in the microphysics scheme is crucial for the production and maintenance of the high ice water content observed in tropical convection. It was shown that SIP can enhance the strength of the existing convective updrafts and result in the initiation of new updrafts above the melting layer. Agreement between the simulations and observations highlights the impacts of SIP on the maintenance of tropical MCSs in nature and the importance of including SIP parameterizations in models.

show abstract

Comparisons of Cloud In Situ Microphysical Properties of Deep Convective Clouds to Appendix D/P Using Data from the High-Altitude Ice Crystals-High Ice Water Content and High Ice Water Content-RADAR I Flight Campaigns

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Microphysical processes producing high ice water contents (HIWCs) in tropical convective clouds during the HAIC-HIWC field campaign: evaluation of simulations using bulk microphysical schemes

Microphysical processes producing high ice water contents (HIWCs) in tropical convective clouds during the HAIC-HIWC field campaign: evaluation of simulations using bulk microphysical schemes

Microphysical Processes Producing High Ice Water Contents (HIWCs) in Tropical Convective Clouds during the HAIC-HIWC Field Campaign: Evaluation of Simulations Using Bulk Microphysical Schemes

The impacts of secondary ice production on microphysics and dynamics in tropical convection

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About