Comparisons of biological nitrogen fixation in association with white clover (Trifolium repens L.) under four fertiliser nitrogen inputs as measured using two 15N techniques

Burchill, W.E.; James, Euan K.; Li, D.; Lanigan, Gary; Williams, M.; Iannetta, Pietro P. M.; Humphreys, J.

doi:10.1007/s11104-014-2199-1

Cited by 37 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This compared to (Table 2), within the range of what has been observed previously in northern U.S. states although lower than some pasture-based studies (Snapp et al, 2005;Burchill et al, 2014).…”

Section: Biological Nitrogen Fixationsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Specifi c mechanisms that could provide internal regulation of BNF include the role of inorganic N feedbacks, which have been shown to control the rhizobiumlegume symbiosis which in turn regulate N fi xation activity (Streeter and Wong, 1988;Arrese-Igor et al, 1997;Schipanski and Drinkwater, 2012). Inorganic N has been shown to downregulate N fi xation in a controlled environment (Arrese-Igor et al, 1997) and in pasture-based studies (Burchill et al, 2014), but…”

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confidence: 99%

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Compost Legacy Down‐Regulates Biological Nitrogen Fixation in a Long‐Term Field Experiment

et al. 2017

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Core Ideas Compost‐based management enhanced soil organic matter in a Michigan Alfisol. Nitrogen fixation rates in soybean and red clover varied with management history. Weather markedly influenced the quantity of N fixed in three crop systems. Soil labile pool influence on N fixation can act as an internal regulator. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a fundamental process relied on in agriculture, yet few field studies have examined regulation through soil inorganic N feedbacks or considered seasonal effects. In a Michigan long‐term field experiment we examined soil labile C and N pools and impact on BNF in two species, over multiple years. The 15N natural abundance method was used to quantify BNF, with nodulated and non‐nodulated soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] isolines and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Soil organic C status of plots was consistent with a gradient established through historical inputs: 0.8% (fertilizer management) to 0.9% (+ cover crop) to 1.2% (+ compost + cover crop). The fraction of nitrogen derived from atmosphere (fNdfa) in red clover and soybean over 3 yr was 61 to 58% with compost management, and 71 to 72% with fertilizer. This represented a downregulation of 19% (red clover) and 15% (soybean) in compost and cover crop managed plots, relative to inorganic fertilizer. In addition to management effects, we found that weather markedly influenced the total amount of N fixation over the 3 yr of the study. A mesic season supported vigorous soybean growth and 195 kg N ha−1 BNF, compared to 95 and 90 kg N ha−1 BNF in a dry and an excessively wet season. This study found that compost‐based management increased pools of labile C and N that internally downregulated BNF, while enhancing soybean yield compared to conventional management.

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Section: Biological Nitrogen Fixationsupporting

confidence: 80%

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confidence: 99%

Compost Legacy Down‐Regulates Biological Nitrogen Fixation in a Long‐Term Field Experiment

et al. 2017

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“…Several studies exist in the literature that compare the two isotope methods used to estimate the N quantities derived from atmospheric N 2 fixation (for instance, Stevenson et al, ; Burchill et al, ). However, most of these studies involved annual herbaceous species whilst very few investigated woody N 2 fixers [ Domenach et al () on alder; Bouillet et al () on acacia].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating symbiotic N₂ fixation in Robinia pseudoacacia

Marron

Gana

Gérant

et al. 2018

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Estimating symbiotic di‐nitrogen (N2) fixation is challenging, especially when working with woody N2 fixers in field trials. Fortunately, isotope methods based on 15N natural abundance or on 15N artificial enrichment (dilution method) make it possible to estimate the proportion of nitrogen derived from the atmosphere (Ndfa) in N2‐fixing species. These methods have been extensively used in the field for herbaceous species, much less for tree species such as alder and acacia, and rarely for black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia). The objectives of this study were to characterize the fixation potential of black locust in a plantation by using the two 15N isotope methods in the field, and to document values of isotope fractionation occurring during N2 fixation (the B value). B values were estimated both by growing trees on an N‐free medium in controlled conditions (Blab) and by making Ndfa calculated with the natural abundance method converge with Ndfa calculated with the 15N dilution method in the field (Bfield). The two methods gave consistent estimates of the B value. B values ranging between –1.4 and –3.2‰ were found, varying with the age of the plant material. Up to 76% of the N in the black locust trees came from the atmosphere, representing more than 45 kg N ha−1 over five years and confirming that black locust may be well adapted to N‐poor soils.

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“…However, rhizobia must survive often a long period of time in the soil as free-living organisms until they meet their symbiotic partner. During this period, they are exposed to the action of several environmental factors (e.g., drought, pH, temperature, salinity, nutrient limitation, heavy metals, oxidative stress) (Frey and Blum 1994;R s nen et al 2004;Soussou et al 2013;Talbi et al 2013;Suzuki et al 2014;Cazenave et al 2014;Pini et al 2014;Burchill et al 2014;Barthelemy-Delaux et al 2014;Jaszek et al 2014). Extracellular polysaccharide secreted in large amounts by rhizobial cells plays a significant protective role in their adaptation to stress conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterization of the Pss region and the role of PssS in exopolysaccharide production and symbiosis of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii with clover

2015

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Background and aims In the symbiotic bacterium Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii, a majority of proteins involved in exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthesis are encoded by genes located in a large polysaccharide synthesis cluster (Pss). The aim of this study was genetic characterization of the Pss region in the Rt24.2 strain in the context of EPS production and symbiosis with red clover (Trifolium pratense). Methods The expression of genes located in the Pss cluster was determined using constructed pss-lacZ transcriptional fusions. The role of transcriptional regulator RosR in pss transcription was confirmed using a rosR mutant and the Rt24.2(pBR1) strain carrying multiple rosR copies. An EPS-deficient mutant, Rt770 was obtained using a random mutagenesis and mTn5SSgusA40 transposon. Symbiotic properties of the Rt770 strain in interaction with clover were characterized in inoculation experiments. Infection of host roots and nodule occupancy by this mutant were investigated using both light and electron microscopy. Results Transcriptional levels of particular pss genes differed significantly; the genes encoding glycosyltransferases and enzymes modifying EPS have promoters of weak activities, whereas those encoding proteins involved in EPS polymerization and export possess stronger promoters. Furthermore, RosR affected expression of some pss genes. A mutation in Rt24.2 pssS encoding glucosyltransferase totally abolished EPS synthesis, decreased motility, and increased sensitivity to some stressors. The pssS mutant Rt770 induced formation of nodules on clover roots, which were ineffective in nitrogen fixation. Conclusion EPS secreted by Rt24.2 is required for both adaptation to soil conditions and the establishment of effective symbiosis with clover plants.

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Comparisons of biological nitrogen fixation in association with white clover (Trifolium repens L.) under four fertiliser nitrogen inputs as measured using two 15N techniques

Cited by 37 publications

References 37 publications

Compost Legacy Down‐Regulates Biological Nitrogen Fixation in a Long‐Term Field Experiment

Compost Legacy Down‐Regulates Biological Nitrogen Fixation in a Long‐Term Field Experiment

Estimating symbiotic N₂ fixation in Robinia pseudoacacia

Genetic characterization of the Pss region and the role of PssS in exopolysaccharide production and symbiosis of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii with clover

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Comparisons of biological nitrogen fixation in association with white clover (Trifolium repens L.) under four fertiliser nitrogen inputs as measured using two 15N techniques

Cited by 37 publications

References 37 publications

Compost Legacy Down‐Regulates Biological Nitrogen Fixation in a Long‐Term Field Experiment

Compost Legacy Down‐Regulates Biological Nitrogen Fixation in a Long‐Term Field Experiment

Estimating symbiotic N2 fixation in Robinia pseudoacacia

Genetic characterization of the Pss region and the role of PssS in exopolysaccharide production and symbiosis of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii with clover

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Estimating symbiotic N₂ fixation in Robinia pseudoacacia