Comparison the effects of poor health and low income on early retirement: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Rad, Enayatollah Homaie; Rashidian, Arash; Asgari, Mohammad; Souri, Ali

doi:10.2486/indhealth.2017-0010

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(45 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This finding may reflect a healthy worker effect, whereby healthy persons are more likely to work beyond retirement, and unhealthy persons are more likely to exit from the workforce. 67–71 Unlike our result, a previous systematic review by Shim et al 30 found mixed results on the association between on-time retirement and mortality, meaning that some included studies found no effect or a lower risk of mortality for those retiring on time. However, the authors included studies that used the general population as a reference group to examine this association, and it is well known that the general population has higher mortality rates compared with the working population, especially compared with those working beyond retirement.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Association between retirement and mortality: working longer, living longer? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Sewdas¹,

Wind

Stenholm

et al. 2020

J Epidemiol Community Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

AimThis study summarised available evidence on the association between early and on-time retirement, compared with continued working, and mortality. Moreover, this study investigated whether and to what extent gender, adjustment for demographics and prior health status influence this association.MethodsA systematic literature search of longitudinal studies was conducted. A qualitative analysis of the included studies was performed, followed by a meta-regression analysis to assess the influence of gender, prior health and demographics. Random-effects models were used in a meta-analysis to estimate the pooled effects for relevant subgroups identified in the meta-regression.ResultsIn total, 25 studies were included. Adjustment for prior health and demographics influenced the association between retirement and mortality (p<0.05). The results of the meta-analysis of 12 studies are presented for ‘insufficiently adjusted’ and ‘fully adjusted’ subgroups. There was no association between early retirement and mortality compared with working until retirement (fully adjusted subgroup: HR 1.05, 95% CI 0.87 to 1.28). On-time retirement was associated with a higher risk of mortality compared with working beyond retirement (insufficiently adjusted subgroup: HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.41 to 1.73). However, in the subgroup that adjusted for prior health, on-time retirement was not associated with mortality (HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.28).ConclusionEarly retirement was not associated with a higher risk of mortality. On-time retirement was associated with a higher risk of mortality, which might reflect the healthy worker effect. It is important to consider information on prior health and demographics when studying the association between retirement and mortality to avoid biased findings.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Association between retirement and mortality: working longer, living longer? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Sewdas¹,

Wind

Stenholm

et al. 2020

J Epidemiol Community Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In contrast, by November/December 2020, people may have realised that the pandemic would last longer than expected, and started to adapt to a 'new normal' (Corpuz 2021), so changes in retirement plans of healthier adults were not pronounced. However, poor self-rated health was associated with a lower possibility of delaying retirement, consistent with the literature that poor health pushes people out of their jobs (Mein et al 2000;Homaie Rad et al 2017).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Studies have shown that during the COVID-19 pandemic, financial insecurity or concerns led to the deterioration of mental health worldwide (Wilson et al 2020;Cheng et al 2021;De Miquel et al 2022). Following an adaptation of the model proposed by Homaie Rad et al (2017), there exists a trade-off between the direct effect of financial insecurity on retirement and the indirect effect via health factors. When the positive utility of financial security is larger than the negative utility of poor physical or mental health, later retirement plans may be made.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in retirement plans in the English older population during the COVID-19 pandemic: The roles of health factors and financial insecurity

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over the course of 2020 and 2021, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted lives globally. In the UK, unemployment rate continued to increase during and post-lockdown periods, and job security and financial wellbeing deteriorated. It is important to understand whether individual decisions related to retirement plans have changed systematically as a result of the pandemic, especially among older adults who experienced greater rates of pandemic unemployment. Using the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, this article examines changes in retirement plans of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic and estimates the impact of health and financial circumstances on these changes. In June/July 2020, 5% of 2095 participants reported planning earlier retirement, while 9% reported planning later retirement. We found that poor self-rated health and financial insecurity were associated with intentions to postpone retirement. Additional risk of later retirement associated with poor health was detected among those experiencing financial insecurity. In November/December 2020, 7% of 1845 participants reported planning earlier retirement, while 12% reported planning later retirement. We found that poor health was predictive of a lower relative risk of later retirement, while depressive symptomology and financial insecurity predicted a higher relative risk of later retirement. The findings imply a contextual role of health factors in, and a persistent influence of financial insecurity on, retirement planning in the older population.

show abstract

“…For example, the prevalence of chronic disease increases with age, 46% of workers aged 55–64 years reported at least one chronic disease in 2018 [9]. It is widely known that poor health and chronic diseases are associated with early exit from work (e.g., in [10]). Early retirement has been shown to be a good alternative for workers with chronic disease when continuation of work is no longer possible [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Early Retirement Policy Changes on Working until Retirement: Natural Experiment

Boot¹,

Scharn²,

Beek³

et al. 2019

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many European countries have implemented pension reforms to increase the statutory retirement age with the aim of increasing labor supply. However, not all older workers may be able or want to work to a very high age. Using a nation-wide register data of labor market transitions, we investigated in this natural experiment the effect of an unexpected change in the Dutch pension system on labor market behaviors of older workers. Specifically, we analyzed transitions in labor market positions over a 5-year period in two nation-wide Dutch cohorts of employees aged 60 years until they reached the retirement age (n = 23,703). We compared transitions between the group that was still entitled to receive early retirement benefits to a group that was no longer entitled to receive early retirement benefits. Results showed that the pension reform was effective in prolonging work participation until the statutory retirement age (82% vs. 61% at age 64), but also to a larger proportion of unemployment benefits in the 1950 cohort (2.0–4.2%) compared to the 1949 cohort (1.4–3.2%). Thus, while ambitious pension reforms can benefit labor supply, the adverse effects should be considered, especially because other studies have shown a link between unemployment and poor health.

show abstract

Comparison the effects of poor health and low income on early retirement: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 4 publications

References 34 publications

Association between retirement and mortality: working longer, living longer? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Association between retirement and mortality: working longer, living longer? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Changes in retirement plans in the English older population during the COVID-19 pandemic: The roles of health factors and financial insecurity

Effects of Early Retirement Policy Changes on Working until Retirement: Natural Experiment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About