Comparison study on simulation effect of improved simulation methods for packaging random vibration test

Abstract

In general, existing testing methods for packaging design employ Gaussian distributions to represent vibration induced by road profiles. However, the actual road vehicle vibration is non‐Gaussian. The key limitation is that the simulated Gaussian vibration cannot reconstruct the shock events buried in the vibration, which will result in inaccurate reliability evaluation of cushion packaging. A new simulation technique called shock extraction has been proposed and validated in our earlier study. This article is a further study of our previous research. The shock extraction method has been compared with other three representative simulation methods including the single‐level PSD, three‐way split spectral, and wavelet decomposition in terms of simulation effect. Signal simulated by the shock extraction method possesses the same vibration intensity, duration, approximate statistical characteristics, and PSD plots with the original signal. The results show that the simulation effect of the shock extraction method is the best, and the worst is the single‐level PSD. The wavelet decomposition and three‐way split spectral are somewhere in the middle.

The case for reviewing laboratory‐based road transport simulations for packaging optimisation

“…Rouillard and Richmond 61 proposed a method to randomly superimpose shocks onto an underlying random signal controlled by an ordinary RVC, but their method was not validated. Zhou and Wang 76 attempted to overcome the limitations of laboratory-simulated Gaussian vibrations by exploiting their shock extraction method (based on the moving crest factor) that produces vibrations as a sequence of Gaussian vibration segments followed by a series of extracted shocks. They compared their results with alternative simulation methods (single-level PDS, three-way split spectra and wavelet decomposition) by comparing the resulting accelerations distributions, extrema, rms and kurtosis with those obtained from the original measured signal.…”

Experimental Comparison of Field and Accelerated Random Vertical Vibration Levels of Stacked Packages for Small Parcel Delivery Shipments

“…The vibration environment during distribution can be based on factors such as vehi cle body structure, type of vehicle suspension and tires, road roughness, vehicle speed and actual payload, respectively [3]. Previous studies have measured and analyzed vibra tion levels for parcel delivery vehicles and CEP (Courier Express Parcel) modes of trans portation [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Factors regarding the effect of payloads, suspension system and road con dition to vibration levels during express in delivery vehicles have also been previousl studied [4,9,10].…”

“…Previous studies have measured and analyzed vibra tion levels for parcel delivery vehicles and CEP (Courier Express Parcel) modes of trans portation [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Factors regarding the effect of payloads, suspension system and road con dition to vibration levels during express in delivery vehicles have also been previousl studied [4,9,10]. However, all this previous research measured and analyzed the vibratio levels on the floor of the vehicle and none of them took into consideration that most o these parcels are transported in "unrestrained stacked configuration" and without shelv ing due to the intensive flow of goods and relatively limited capacity of vehicles.…”

Finite element analysis and experimental investigation of beer bottle‐turnover boxes transport unit under random vibration excitation

“…[11][12][13][14][15][16] Wang et al studied the influence of constraint, vibration levels, position and contact nonlinearity on the vibration performance of a three-layer stacked packaging unit, and a method for accelerated random vibration test of transport packaging based on acceleration response power spectral density (PSD) was proposed. [17][18][19][20][21] The method of modal analysis was adopted in many investigations on the vibration performance of linear transport packaging. [22][23][24][25][26][27] It is worth mentioning that achievements in nonlinear FE analysis for random vibration have been made in recent years.…”

“…The random vibration analysis of a transport unit involves theoretical models, experiments, and finite element (FE) analysis in both time domains and frequency domains, and most investigations focused on experiments and mathematical modeling 11–16 . Wang et al studied the influence of constraint, vibration levels, position and contact nonlinearity on the vibration performance of a three‐layer stacked packaging unit, and a method for accelerated random vibration test of transport packaging based on acceleration response power spectral density (PSD) was proposed 17–21 . The method of modal analysis was adopted in many investigations on the vibration performance of linear transport packaging 22–27 .…”