Comparison on the Growth Variability of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Coupled With Strain Sources and Genotypes Analyses in Simulated Gastric Digestion Fluids

Abstract

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a food-borne pathogen that causes pathogenic symptoms such as diarrhea and abdominal pain. Currently no studies have shown that either pathogenic and non-pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus possess growth heterogeneity in a human environment, such as in gastric and intestinal fluids. The tlh gene is present in both pathogenic and non-pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus strains, while the tdh and trh genes are only present in pathogenic strains. This study firstly applied simulated human gastric fluids to explore growth variability of 50 strains of V. parahaemolyticus at 37 • C. The bacterial growth curves were fitted by primary modified Gompertz model, and the maximum growth rate (µ max ), lag time (LT), and their CV values were calculated to compare the stress response of pathogenic and non-pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus to simulated human gastric fluids. Results showed that the simulated human gastric fluids treatment significantly increased the µ max of pathogenic strains and shortened the lag time, while decreased the µ max of non-pathogenic strains and prolonged the lag time. Meanwhile, the CV values of genotypes (tlh + /tdh + /trh − ) evidently increased, showing that the pathogenic genotype (tlh + /tdh + /trh − ) strains had strong activity to simulated gastric fluids. All of the results indicated that the V. parahaemolyticus strains exhibited a great stress-resistant variability and growth heterogeneity to the simulated gastric fluids, which provides a novel insight to unlock the efficient control of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus in vitro biofilm dispersal from microplastics influenced by simulated human environment

“…This is in accordance with Koo et al (2000) and Wang et al (2019) as they also found pH levels <4 led to a decrease in cell viability in both V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus . While V. parahaemolyticus did have decreased biofilm cell viability and cell dispersal at acidic (pH = 4) conditions compared to higher pHs, it was still able to tolerate this acidic pH for two hours, which was consistent with results of Wang et al (2019 , 2020) . There was also a decrease in biofilm cell viability and cell dispersal of both species after exposure to SGF, which more closely resembles the gastric liquid composition in the stomach’s environment.…”

Development of Resistance to Clarithromycin and Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum In Vitro Is Followed by Genomic Rearrangements and Evolution of Virulence

“…The maximum specific growth rate ( μ max ) and lag time (LT) are considered to be the two most important parameters of microbial dynamics, which can reflect the growth advantages of bacterial strains, fitting, and virulence ( 30 ). Short LT and/or high μ max generally present a positive correlation with virulence of bacterial strains; however, in our work, we have found no such trend (Fig.…”

Discovery of Novel Resistance Mechanisms of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Biofilm against Aminoglycoside Antibiotics

“…V. parahaemolyticus is a foodborne pathogen that is known to form biofilms, which can increase bacterial resistance and contribute to foodborne disease burdens [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. There exists V. parahaemolyticus isolates that are 90.5% antibiotic resistant to amikacin [ 21 , 22 ].…”