Comparison on Pore Development of Activated Carbon Produced from Scrap Tire by Potassium Hydroxide and Sodium Hydroxide for Active Packaging Materials

Abstract

Activated carbons were prepared by chemical activation from scrap tire with two chemical reagents, NaOH and KOH. The activation consisted of different impregnation of a reagent followed by carbonization in nitrogen at 700°C. The resultant activated carbons were characterized in terms of BET surface area, methylene blue adsorption and iodine number. The influence of each parameter of the synthesis on the properties of the activated carbons was discussed, and the action of each hydroxide was methodically compared. It is the first time that preparation parameters and pore texture characteristics are simultaneously considered for two closely related activating agents of the same char precursor. Whatever the preparation conditions, it was shown that KOH led to the most microporous materials, having surface areas and adsorption properties (methylene blue adsorption and iodine number) higher than those obtained with NaOH, which was in agreement with some early works. However, the surface areas, methylene blue adsorption and iodine number obtained in the present study were much higher than in previous studies, up to 951 m2/g, 510 mg/g and 752 mg/g, respectively, using scrap tire waste char:KOH equal to 1:1. The thorough study of the way each preparation parameter influenced the properties of the final materials bought insight into the activation mechanisms. Each time it was possible; the results of scrap tire waste chemically activated with hydroxides were compared with those obtained with anthracites; explanations of similarities and differences were systematically looked for.

Removal of fluoxetine from water by adsorbent materials produced from paper mill sludge

“…However, during the activation process, inorganic residues are produced and might not be effectively removed in the washing step. Therefore, the general appearance of PS800-10KOH and PS800-10NaOH may be due to small particles of inorganic residues present in these two materials [8]. In PS800-10ZnCl 2 the degree of destruction seems to lower, nevertheless, it is clearly observed some real cavities in the material.…”

“…In PS800-10KOH and PS800-10NaOH the external surfaces are sponge like and quite irregular appearing to have some cavities. These cavities could be created due to the aggressive attack of the reagent during the activation and evaporation of the chemical agent (KOH and NaOH, respectively) during the pyrolysis [8], and therefore they correspond to the porosity. They can also result from the release of volatiles [42].…”

Adsorption of Lanthanide Ions from Aqueous Solution in Multicomponent Systems using Activated Carbon from Banana Peels (Musa paradisiaca L.)

“…Sudaryanto et al (2006) investigated the effect of the impregnation ratio and carbonization temperature as a function of the BET surface area for the preparation of activated carbon from cassava peel by chemical activation. Sirimuangjinda et al (2013) compared the use of NaOH and KOH as activators for activated carbon preparation. The activation of carbon using KOH results in a larger surface area than activation with NaOH.…”

Potassium‐Ion Activating Formation of Fe−N−C Moiety as Efficient Oxygen Electrocatalyst for Zn‐Air Batteries

“…This change in the surface area of FeÀ NÀ CÀ KCl and FeÀ NÀ CÀ NaCl might be explained by the formation of alkali metal through the reaction of KCl and NaCl with carbon during the pyrolysis. [54,55] STEM images after stability test also confirmed the structural constancy of the FeÀ NÀ CÀ KCl composite. Single atom sites can still be observed after the 2000 CV cycles test and no obvious loss in numbers of single atom sites is observed (Figure 6b).…”