Comparison of β-D-Glucan levels between Candida auris and other Candida species at the time of candidaemia: a retrospective study

Abstract

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Clinical Sensitivity of the (1–3)-β-D-glucan Test for Predicting Candidemia

“…Different levels of association between Candida species and any-positive BDG results have been reported [ 15 , 16 ], and our data support previous evidence [ 17 ] of a positive association between C. albicans and positive BDG results ( P =0.04).…”

Beta-D-Glucan in Patients with Haematological Malignancies

“…All the reported causes of false positive and false negative results of BDG are reported in Table 2 [2,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Interestingly, recently reported sporadic causes of false positive BDG results include intake of seaweed in a HSCT recipient with grade II skin and gastrointestinal graft versus host disease (GvHD) (with a maximum BDG value of 229 pg/mL) [28] and continuous administration of penicillin G (with a maximum BDG value of 81 pg/mL) [29].…”

“…Table 2. Potential causes of false positive and false negative results of serum BDG; underlined cases are considered as clinically important and potentially frequent [2,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

“…In haematological patients, high specificity of two consecutive positive tests [31][32][33] The need to use glucan-free laboratory materials [15] More sensitive than blood cultures for deep-seated candidiasis [1] Possibility of false positive results (see Table 2) [2,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] High sensitivity for PJP [53][54][55] Lower sensitivity in patients with haematologic malignancies and IFD compared to other patient groups [16,18] The only non-invasive test to support the diagnosis of PJP, especially in situations where critical illness precludes invasive diagnostic procedures such as BAL [42] Of limited use in paediatric population [68][69][70] Possibility of use in other sterile fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid for fungal central nervous system infections [64,65] In case of invasive candidiasis, lower sensitivity in case of certain species, such as C.…”

“…parapsilosis or C. auris [19,26] Not applicable for use in BAL due to high rate of false positive results [66,67] Unpredictable rate of decline, unsuitable for rapid evaluation of treatment response [73][74][75][76][77][78]…”