Comparison of yield loss on cabbage from Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) using two insecticides

Ayalew, Gashawbeza

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2005.12.001

Cited by 44 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Consequently, a SA IPM methodology tailored to specific local needs must be developed using participatory approaches to get farmers' buy-in. Furthermore, IPM monitoring tools to determine DBM economic threshold levels need to be scientifically investigated [29]. Local scientists and institutions have not developed IPM programs with regulatory and territorial chemical use boundaries for area-wide IRM, hence they still 'encourage' the use of any new chemicals [42,44].…”

Section: Lack Of Locally-developed Well-packaged Ipm Practices and Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) in Southern Africa: Research Trends, Challenges and Insights on Sustainable Management Options

2017

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Abstract:The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, is a global economic pest of brassicas whose pest status has been exacerbated by climate change and variability. Southern African small-scale farmers are battling to cope with increasing pressure from the pest due to limited exposure to sustainable control options. The current paper critically analysed literature with a climate change and sustainability lens. The results show that research in Southern Africa (SA) remains largely constrained despite the region's long acquaintance with the insect pest. Dependency on broad-spectrum insecticides, the absence of insecticide resistance management strategies, climate change, little research attention, poor regional research collaboration and coordination, and lack of clear policy support frameworks, are the core limitations to effective DBM management. Advances in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) technologies and climate-smart agriculture (CSA) techniques for sustainable pest management have not benefitted small-scale horticultural farmers despite the farmers' high vulnerability to crop losses due to pest attack. IPM adoption was mainly limited by lack of locally-developed packages, lack of stakeholders' concept appreciation, limited alternatives to chemical control, knowledge paucity on biocontrol, climate mismatch between biocontrol agents' origin and release sites, and poor research expertise and funding. We discuss these challenges in light of climate change and variability impacts on small-scale farmers in SA and recommend climate-smart, holistic, and sustainable homegrown IPM options propelled through IPM-Farmer Field School approaches for widespread and sustainable adoption.

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Section: Lack Of Locally-developed Well-packaged Ipm Practices and Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) in Southern Africa: Research Trends, Challenges and Insights on Sustainable Management Options

2017

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“…As reported from several tropical countries (Talekar and Shelton, 1993;Baek et al, 2005;Nyambo and Löhr, 2005;Ayalew, 2006;Odhiambo et al, 2010;Santos et al, 2011;Zhou et al, 2011;Legwaila et al, 2014), P. xylostella populations from Togo and Benin also appear to be resistant to a number of insecticides commonly used in different agroecosystems (Goudegnon et al, 2000;Martin et al, 2006;Godonou et al, 2009;Agboyi et al, 2013). As a reaction to this phenomenon, cabbage producers have entered the vicious circle of increasing both insecticide dosage rates and spraying frequencies (Ahouangninou et al, 2012), which can lead to environmental and health hazards (Pimentel et al, 1997;Gallivan et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Pesticide resistance in Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) populations from Togo and Benin

Agboyi

Ketoh

Martin

et al. 2016

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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Abstract. The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) is the major insect pest of cabbage crops in Togo and Benin. For control, farmers very often resort to spraying chemical insecticides at high dosages with frequent applications. Bioassays were carried out on three populations of P. xylostella, two from Togo (Kara and Dapaong) and one from Benin (Cotonou), to assess their level of susceptibility to currently used insecticides. A reference strain of P. xylostella from Matuu in Kenya was used as a control. In the laboratory, three insecticide representatives of different chemical families (deltamethrin, chlorpyrifos ethyl and spinosad) were assayed against third instar larvae of P. xylostella. Results revealed that P. xylostella populations from Dapaong, Kara and Cotonou were more resistant to deltamethrin (13 to 59-fold at LC 50 level, 149 to 1772-fold at LC 90 level) and chlorpyrifos ethyl (5 to 15-fold at LC 50 level, 9 to 885-fold at LC 90 level) than the reference strain. Spinosad was more toxic to P. xylostella populations than the other insecticides with LC 50 and LC 90 values less than 1 µg/ml and 15 µg/ml, respectively. However, the population from Cotonou appeared significantly more resistant to spinosad compared to the reference strain. These results are discussed in the light of developing an integrated pest management strategy for reducing the selection pressure of spinosad.

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“…2004), 80-99% damage on summer cabbage in China (Zhao et al 1996) and 12-48.7 t ha −1 of cabbage heads in Ethiopia (Ayalew 2006).…”

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confidence: 98%

“…Mallioux and Belloncik (1995) approximated a threshold of one larva of Pieris rapae (L.) or P. xylostella per plant for effective use of granulovirus of P. rapae (PiraGV) when P. rapae occurred alone, and for use of a mixture of PiraGV and a half-dose of permethrin when both P. rapae and P. xylostella occurred. Since the economic parts of cruciferous crops like cauliflower and cabbage are the curd and head, respectively, the pre-heading stage or the stage at which the flower or head primordia initiates is one of the most vulnerable stages (Ayalew 2006;Lumaban and Raros 1975). Application of combinations of PiraGV and PlxyGV during the flowering stage effectively reduced the incidence of both pests on cabbage (Wang and Rose 1978).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic threshold for the management of Plutella xylostella with granulovirus in cauliflower ecosystem

Subramanian

Rabindra²,

Sathiah

2009

Phytoparasitica

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Resistance to chemicals and some biological control agents by Plutella xylostella has resulted in the search for alternatives, such as P. xylostella granulovirus (PlxyGV), for the management of P. xylostella. However, use of PlxyGV would be economical only if it is applied at the right crop stage and at economic threshold levels. Hence, we evaluated the field level economic threshold for application of PlxyGV at the reproductive phase of cauliflower taking into consideration both the economic threshold model and the economic optimization model. PlxyGV was found to be very effective in management of the pest and was comparable to weekly applications of quinalphos 25EC. However, due to the higher cost of PlxyGV application than quinalphos, the cost benefit ratio with quinalphos application was much higher than the virus application. The net income from the virus application decreased both at lower thresholds-due to the higher cost of plant protection, and at higher thresholds-due to the increased damage by the pest. Based on the economic threshold model, the economic threshold for application of PlxyGV was estimated at 9-11 larvae per ten plants. Considering the net income per hectare and the cost of plant protection, it was found that at a threshold of 12-14 larvae per ten plants net income was just equal to the cost of plant protection. Based on the economic optimization model, the optimum threshold for application of PlxyGV was 15 larvae per ten plants when profits are maximum.

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Comparison of yield loss on cabbage from Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) using two insecticides

Cited by 44 publications

References 5 publications

Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) in Southern Africa: Research Trends, Challenges and Insights on Sustainable Management Options

Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) in Southern Africa: Research Trends, Challenges and Insights on Sustainable Management Options

Pesticide resistance in Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) populations from Togo and Benin

Economic threshold for the management of Plutella xylostella with granulovirus in cauliflower ecosystem

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