Comparison of WHO 2000 and WHO 2010 classifications of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors

Karakuş, Esra; Helvaci, Ayşe; Ekinci, Özgür; Dursun, Ayşe

doi:10.5152/tjg.2014.6579

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In our series of GEP-NENs, the proportions of G1/G2/G3 were 63.3/16.3/20.4 %, respectively. These are very comparable to the results of other reports that classify their cases as proportions of G1/G2/G3; these are 64.9-73.2/6.3-10.5/16.3-24.7 %, respectively [18][19][20]. The most common type of lung NEN is reported to be SCC, which accounts for 60-80 % of pulmonary NENs and, together with another highly malignant NEN, LCNEC, represents over 80 %; in comparison, two lung NENs with low-to intermediate-grade malignancy (typical and atypical carcinoids) represent less than 20 % [21][22][23].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Expression of Somatostatin Receptor Type 2A and PTEN in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms Is Associated with Tumor Grade but Not with Site of Origin

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are derived from endocrine cells in various organs and share common morphological features. This study aimed to clarify whether NENs of different organs are comparable at the molecular pathologic level. We retrospectively collected 99 cases of NENs from gastro-entero-pancreatic, lung, and other organs and reclassified these according to identical criteria. Grade, site, and molecular expression profile including NE markers, Ki-67, p53, somatostatin receptor type 2A (SSTR2A), and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) were compared. PTEN immunoreactivity was also compared with genomic copy number by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR). No significant differences were observed in the immunoreactivities of NE markers, p53, SSTR2A, or PTEN expression in NENs between the different organ sites. PTEN and p53 functional inactivation along with the loss of membranous SSTR2A expression appeared to be commonly involved in high-grade NEN. FISH results were significantly correlated with the level of PTEN immunoreactivity and with the findings of ddPCR analyses. The demonstration that these tumors are comparable at the molecular level will likely contribute to the broadening of therapeutic options such as the use of somatostatin analogues and mTOR inhibitors against NENs regardless of the affected organ, whereas molecular characterization of tumor grade will be useful for determining treatment strategy.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Expression of Somatostatin Receptor Type 2A and PTEN in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms Is Associated with Tumor Grade but Not with Site of Origin

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…LVI was described as having uncertain malignant potential in the WHO 2000 classification [23], and previous reviews proposed it as a risk factor for metastasis in D-NETs [6,24,25]. However, the WHO 2010 classification did not regard this as a prognostic factor possibly because of enormous inter-observer differences among pathologists in identifying the presence of LVI [1,26]. However, the recent study showed that LVI is one of the risk factors for LN metastasis in D-NET [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Risk Factors for Metastasis in Non-Ampullary Duodenal Neuroendocrine Tumors Measuring 20 mm or Less in Diameter

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/Aims: The treatment strategy for non-ampullary duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (NAD-NETs) ≤20 mm in diameter has not been established. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the detailed characteristics of NAD-NETs ≤20 mm in diameter to clarify the risk factors of subsequent metastasis. Methods: The patients with NAD-NETs ≤20 mm in diameter who had been treated at 12 institutions between 1992 and 2013 were enrolled. Clinical records were retrieved, and histopathological findings of all cases were centrally reviewed by 2 pathologists. Results: We studied 49 patients with a mean follow-up period of 66.5 months. Thirty-five patients were initially treated with endoscopic resection (ER), and 14 with surgery. A univariate analysis revealed the ORs and 95% CIs of the risk factors for metastasis were lymphovascular invasion (12.5 [2.01-77.9]), multiple tumors (9.75 [1.46-65.4]), a tumor size of 11-20 mm (6.67 [1.21-36.6]), and World Health Organization grade G2 (7.13 [1.16-43.9]). Five-year overall and disease-specific survival rates were 86.1 and 97.2%, respectively. Conclusion: This is the first study to demonstrate the risk factors of metastasis in NAD-NETs ≤20 mm in diameter. These findings may be helpful for determining the appropriate therapeutic approach and the clinical strategy of treatment following ER.

show abstract

“…Pattern and risk factors for distant metastases in gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms: a populationbased study neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) based on the morphology and proliferation rate [4,5]. It is generally acknowledged that survival is better for NET than for NEC.…”

Section: Original Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most recent 2010 WHO system has defined all neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) as neoplasms with malignant potential, and the acronym NEN is recommended to corresponding to the term neuroendocrine neoplasia. NENs are currently classified as either well‐differentiated (low‐grade to intermediate‐grade) neuroendocrine tumors (NET) or poorly differentiated (high‐grade) neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) based on the morphology and proliferation rate . It is generally acknowledged that survival is better for NET than for NEC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern and risk factors for distant metastases in gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms: a population‐based study

Cui

Tan

et al. 2018

Cancer Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An increased incidence of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms (GI‐NENs) has been reported worldwide, and metastasis is the leading cause of GI‐NEN‐related death. Studies of different metastatic patterns in patients with different primary sites are limited. A population‐based retrospective cohort study was conducted with the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Patients with a GI‐NEN diagnosis between 2010 and 2014 were included. All statistical analyses were performed using Intercooled Stata 12.0 software. There were 12,501 patients eligible for analysis. The metastatic status, primary sites, and histology types affected the patients’ overall survival. The liver was the most common metastasis site (65.21% of patients with metastases). Esophageal NENs had the highest risk of metastasis (49.35%), whereas appendiceal NENs had the lowest risk of metastasis (2.79%). Neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) were more likely to develop metastatic disease than were neuroendocrine tumors (NETs); 7.12% of patients with NET and 30.20% of patients with NEC developed metastatic disease. The metastatic patterns varied according to the different primary sites and histology types. NECs had a higher potential to develop extrahepatic metastasis at all primary sites than did NETs. Regarding the choice of treatment, surgical resection of primary lesions lowered the risk of tumor‐specific death (HR = 0.37, CI: 0.30–0.46, P < 0.01), but surgical resection of metastatic sites did not confer an extra survival benefit (HR = 0.82, CI: 0.63–1.06, P = 0.14). Different primary sites and histology types of GI‐NENs have different metastatic patterns and survival. This knowledge could help clinicians to identify patients who require extra surveillance, provide insight for future studies on the mechanisms of metastasis, and establish a prognostic prediction model.

show abstract

Comparison of WHO 2000 and WHO 2010 classifications of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

Expression of Somatostatin Receptor Type 2A and PTEN in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms Is Associated with Tumor Grade but Not with Site of Origin

Expression of Somatostatin Receptor Type 2A and PTEN in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms Is Associated with Tumor Grade but Not with Site of Origin

The Risk Factors for Metastasis in Non-Ampullary Duodenal Neuroendocrine Tumors Measuring 20 mm or Less in Diameter

Pattern and risk factors for distant metastases in gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms: a population‐based study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About