Comparison of Weight Loss, Ghrelin, and Leptin Hormones After Ligation of Left Gastric Artery and Sleeve Gastrectomy in a Rat Model

Abstract

BackgroundLigation of the left gastric artery (LLGA), which supplies the fundus of the stomach, may reduce the appetite hormone ghrelin, resulting in weight control. The aim of this study was to compare LLGA and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in terms of postoperative outcomes in a rat model.Material/MethodsFifteen male Wistar albino rats, weighing >350 grams (range 350–525 grams), were enrolled in LLGA (N=5), SG (N=5), and control (N=5) groups. Blood samples were drawn preoperatively and also during the first and fourth week postoperatively to assay ghrelin and leptin hormone levels. Body weight was measured in each group.ResultsThe maximum reduction in ghrelin level (41.5%) was found in the LLGA group. Considerable% total weight loss (TWL) (mean 24.1%) was observed in the SG group, and slight%TWL was noted in the control and LLGA groups (means of 0.1% and 2.1%, respectively). There was no significant difference in mean percent weight change between the LLGA and the SG groups (p=0.08). Blood sample analysis revealed no statistically significant changes in ghrelin or leptin levels between the groups (p=0.9 and p=0.3, respectively).ConclusionsWe present evidence that LLGA causes the same reduction in ghrelin hormone levels as SG at 4 weeks after surgery in a rat model. However, LLGA did not cause the same%TWL as SG. The mechanism of weight loss in SG is most likely due to restriction and to the effects of the procedure, rather than due to neurohormonal changes.

Evaluation of insulin resistance improvement after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy or gastric bypass surgery with HOMA-IR

“…The possible reason was that LSG, as a restrictive operation, also removed the gastric fundus, which would reduce the secretion of Ghrelin. Ghrelin secreted at the gastric fundus promoted appetite and decreased the secretion of insulin and enhanced insulin resistance (23,24). Therefore, inhibition of secretion of Ghrelin could also treat the diabetes and obesity (25).…”

Sleeve Gastrectomy vs. Fundus Resection in Bariatric Surgery (Animal Study)

“…Based on previous studies, sleeve gastrectomy decreased the leptin and ghrelin levels (13)(14)(15). Plasma ghrelin levels usually had increased in body mass index (16).…”

Weight Loss and Gastrointestinal Hormone Variation Caused by Gastric Artery Embolization: An Updated Analysis Study

“…In addition, leptin increases the oxidation and absorption of glucose and free fatty acid in skeletal muscles, as well as promotes intrahepatic lipid reduction through fatty acid oxidation ( 77 ). The changes in leptin levels after GAE are inconsistent ( 30 – 32 , 37 , 40 ), and its relationship with weight loss has not been investigated.…”

“…Therefore, both animal and human studies have shown a decrease in ghrelin release from gastric fundic cells and an increase in GLP-1 and PYY which associated with reduced hunger and weight loss, and there was a positive correlation between weight loss and ghrelin, suggesting GAE may induce weight loss by lowering ghrelin. Yardimci et al ( 32 ) found that SG can lead to more significant weight loss by altering the anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract compared with GAE although ghrelin decrease similarly in the two procedures. This suggests that GAE is not as effective as conventional metabolic surgery, with the latter causing the most significant weight loss due to alterations in the anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract, with changes in gastrointestinal hormone levels being a secondary factor.…”