Comparison of WAIS and Escala de Inteligencia Wechsler para Adultos scores in an institutionalized Latin American psychiatric population.

Davis, Todd M.; Rodriguez, Vene L.

doi:10.1037/0022-006x.47.1.181

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Depressive symptoms were determined using the Beck Depression Index [42], [43]. The cognitive pre-morbid status between HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative women was determined using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Test - Vocabulary subtest [44] and the Woodcock-Muniz Test - Reading subtest (W31) [45]. All tests were conducted in Spanish.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soluble and Cell-Associated Insulin Receptor Dysfunction Correlates with Severity of HAND in HIV-Infected Women

et al. 2012

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BackgroundBlood sugar metabolism abnormalities have been identified in HIV-infected individuals and associated with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). These abnormalities may occur as a result of chronic HIV infection, long-term use of combined antiretroviral treatment (CART), aging, genetic predisposition, or a combination of these factors, and may increase morbidity and mortality in this population.ObjectiveTo determine if changes in soluble and cell-associated insulin receptor (IR) levels, IR substrate-1 (IRS-1) levels, and IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation are associated with the presence and severity of HAND in a cohort of HIV-seropositive women.Methods and ResultsThis is a retrospective cross-sectional study using patient database information and stored samples from 34 HIV-seropositive women and 10 controls without history of diabetes from the Hispanic-Latino Longitudinal Cohort of Women. Soluble IR subunits [sIR, ectodomain (α) and full-length or intact (αβ)] were assayed in plasma and CSF samples by ELISA. Membrane IR levels, IRS-1 levels, and IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation were analyzed in CSF white cell pellets (WCP) using flow cytometry.HIV-seropositive women had significantly increased levels of intact or full-length sIR in plasma (p<0.001) and CSF (p<0.005) relative to controls. Stratified by HAND, increased levels of full-length sIR in plasma were associated with the presence (p<0.001) and severity (p<0.005) of HAND. A significant decrease in IRS-1 tyrosine-phosphorylation in the WCP was also associated with the presence (p<0.02) and severity (p<0.02) of HAND.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence that IR secretion is increased in HIV-seropositive women, and increased IR secretion is associated with cognitive impairment in these women. Thus, IR dysfunction may have a role in the progression of HAND and could represent a biomarker for the presence and severity of HAND.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soluble and Cell-Associated Insulin Receptor Dysfunction Correlates with Severity of HAND in HIV-Infected Women

et al. 2012

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“…The second test is a Spanish substitution for the Wide Range Achievement Test previously validated for the Puerto Rican population (Davis and Rodriguez, 1979;Demsky et al, 1998).…”

Section: Neurocognitive Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of cigarette smoking with viral immune and cognitive function in human immunodeficiency virus–seropositive women

et al. 2007

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Cigarette smoking alters the immune system and may improve cognitive deficits in neuropsychiatric disorders. Smoking prevalence is high in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients; however, its effect on HIV-associated cognitive impairment remains unknown in the era of antiretroviral treatment. The authors examined associations of smoking with viral immune profile and cognitive function in a cohort of HIV-seropositive women. This observational cross-sectional study included 56 women (36 HIV-seropositive and 20 HIV-seronegative) surveyed with a tobacco questionnaire: the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependency. Viral immune status was obtained 6 to 12 months before questioned. Neurocognitive testing (NP) assessed verbal memory, frontal/executive function, psychomotor speed, and motor speed. A reference group of HIV-seronegative women was used to calculate standardized z-scores. Cognitive impairment was classified using a modified American Academy of Neurology criteria, adding an asymptomatic group based on NP tests. Statistics included parametric and nonparametric tests. HIV-seropositive Address correspondence to Valerie Wojna, MD, NeuroAIDS Program, PO Box 365067, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936-5067. vwojna@rcm.upr.edu. Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.informaworld.com/terms-and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. Publisher's Disclaimer: The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. HHS Public AccessAuthor manuscript J Neurovirol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 July 27. Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript women were more likely to report a history of smoking (P = 0.028). Among them, current smoking correlated with higher plasma viral load (P = 0.048), and history of smoking correlated with lower CD4 cell count (P = 0.027). The authors observed no associations between cognitive impairment and either current or past history of smoking and no differences in neurocognitive domain scores between HIV-seropositive and -seronegative women or between those with and without a history of smoking. However, restricting analysis to HIV-seropositives showed a significant better performance on the frontal/executive domain in those with history of smoking. In summary, history of smoking correlated with better frontal/executive cognitive domain performance in HIV-seropositive women a...

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“…Kunce and Schmidt del Vales (1986) derived the factor structure of the subtest scores on the Spanish WAIS for a sample of Mexico City workers. In a final study, one that is particularly relevant to our study, Davis and Rodriguez (1979) investigated the comparability of the English and Spanish versions of the digit span and vocabulary subtests. To our knowledge, these eight investigations represent the only published empirical research (in English language journals) concerning the performance of Hispanic adults on Wechsler scales of intelligence.…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessing the intellectual functioning of Spanish-speaking adults: Comparison of the EIWA and the WAIS.

López

Romero²

1988

Professional Psychology: Research and Practice

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We point out the significant limitations in adapting the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) to assess the intellectual-cognitive functioning of Spanish-speaking adults, and we seek to familiarize practitioners with the Spanish version of the WAIS, the Escala de Inteligencia Wechsler Para Adultos (EIWA). To do the latter, we systematically examined both the EIWA and the WAIS and identified the exact differences between the two tests in regard to administration, content, scoring, and standardization sample characteristics. The most significant difference was found in the conversion of raw scores to scale scores. On several subtests, the equivalent raw score was converted into very different WAIS and EIWA scale scores. Other significant differences were noted in the content of the tests and in the social demographic makeup of the standardization samples. The administration and assignment of scores for both tests were generally found to be similar. On the basis of these findings, we offer specific recommendations for the testing of Spanish-speaking adults and for further research in this neglected area of study. The growing population of linguistic minorities in the United States calls for a closer investigation of the appropriateness of using psychological instruments with these groups (Olmedo, 1981). Accordingly, there is an increasing number of researchers who are evaluating the reliability validity, and utility of Wechsler scales in the assessment of Hispanics, the largest linguistic minority group in this country. A close examination of this research reveals that it almost exclusively addresses the assessment of children. In a recent review of the literature, McShane and Cook (1985) identified more than 70 empirical studies in which the Wechsler scales for children were used and only two studies in which a Wechsler scale for adults was used (

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Comparison of WAIS and Escala de Inteligencia Wechsler para Adultos scores in an institutionalized Latin American psychiatric population.

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Soluble and Cell-Associated Insulin Receptor Dysfunction Correlates with Severity of HAND in HIV-Infected Women

Soluble and Cell-Associated Insulin Receptor Dysfunction Correlates with Severity of HAND in HIV-Infected Women

Associations of cigarette smoking with viral immune and cognitive function in human immunodeficiency virus–seropositive women

Assessing the intellectual functioning of Spanish-speaking adults: Comparison of the EIWA and the WAIS.

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